Résumés
Résumé
Cet article examine la territorialisation de l’économie circulaire à travers une analyse comparative de trois études de cas au Québec : la symbiose industrielle (Bécancour et MRC de La Rivière-du-Nord), la ville circulaire (Montréal et Victoriaville) et le métabolisme urbain (Québec). L’étude met en évidence que la transition vers une économie circulaire est synonyme d’une gouvernance adaptée aux réalités locales, de modèles organisationnels différenciés et de coordination intersectorielle renforcée. Trois types de gouvernance ont été identifiés : une approche évolutive et adaptative (Montréal), une planification perspective (Victoriaville) et une gouvernance systémique et intersectorielle (Québec). L’analyse souligne également le rôle clé des incitations économiques et des structures organisationnelles flexibles dans l’opérationnalisation des stratégies circulaires. Enfin, l’article discute des défis liés à la coordination multiniveau, du besoin d’indicateurs d’évaluation territorialisés et de l’importance d’une mobilisation citoyenne accrue pour garantir la pérennité des modèles circulaires.
Mots-clés :
- Économie circulaire,
- gouvernance territoriale,
- modèles organisationnels,
- innovation institutionnelle,
- approche comparative,
- analyse étude de cas
Abstract
This article examines the territorialization of circular economy through a comparative analysis of three case studies in Quebec: industrial symbiosis (Bécancour and MRC de La Rivière-du-Nord), circular city (Montreal and Victoriaville), and urban metabolism (Quebec City). The study highlights that the transition to a circular economy relies on governance adapted to local realities, on differentiated organizational models, and on enhanced intersectoral coordination. Three types of governance were identified: an evolutionary and adaptive approach (Montreal), prescriptive/perspective planning (Victoriaville), and systemic and intersectoral governance (Quebec City). The analysis also highlights the key role of economic incentives and flexible organizational structures in operationalizing circular strategies. Finally, the article discusses challenges related to multi-level coordination, to the need for territorialized evaluation indicators, and to the importance of increased citizen engagement to ensure the sustainability of circular models.
Keywords:
- Circular economy,
- territorial governance,
- organizational models,
- institutional innovation,
- comparative approach,
- case study analysis
Parties annexes
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