Abstracts
Résumé
Dans le cadre de programmes d’immersion française (IF) canadiens, de nombreux élèves apprennent les mathématiques par le biais de leur langue seconde (L2), le français. Malgré de nombreuses recherches menées en IF, les études explorant la nature du discours des élèves, en particulier l’interaction orale, lors de l’apprentissage du contenu mathématique restent rares, surtout au niveau secondaire. L’objectif de la présente étude est de décrire et de mieux comprendre le rôle de la tâche de résolution de problèmes dans l’utilisation de la langue et les mathématiques par les élèves d’IF au niveau secondaire, en particulier en ce qui concerne l’interaction orale. La présente étude est fondée sur les théories socioculturelles de l’apprentissage des L2 et le registre de mathématiques tel qu’il se manifeste en salle de classe.
Au total, 22 élèves dans deux classes différentes de 9e année en mathématiques en IF ont participé à l’étude. Les participants ont travaillé en neuf dyades ou groupes de trois sur une tâche de résolution de problèmes mathématiques. Les principales données étaient les enregistrements des interactions des élèves. Ces données ont été triangulées avec des notes de terrain, des textes écrits par les élèves (n=22) et des entrevues de suivi (n=21). L’unité d’analyse était le tour de parole et les résultats sont organisés selon les thèmes émergents. Nous avons identifié trois thèmes clés interdépendants : la participation des élèves, la quantité et la nature du discours des élèves, et les stratégies de résolution de problèmes mathématiques en tant que source du discours des élèves. Les résultats suggèrent que la plupart des élèves ont participé à la tâche et que les discussions, principalement en français, ont été centrées sur la tâche. Les résultats sont pertinents pour le contexte d’IF au Canada et sans doute applicables pour d’autres contextes de mathématiques où les élèves apprennent dans leur L2.
Mots-clés :
- immersion française,
- L2,
- mathématiques,
- discours,
- tâche de résolution de problèmes
Abstract
In Canada, many students learn mathematics through the medium of a second language (L2), French, in French immersion (FI) programs. The current study aims to describe and better understand the role of problem-solving tasks in students’ use of language and mathematics in FI mathematics at the secondary level, with focus on oral interaction. The research is grounded in sociocultural theories of L2 learning and the mathematics classroom register. It is informed by literature that has explored students’ achievement in FI mathematics, the nature of student discourse in FI and in mathematics classrooms, and the role of problem-solving tasks in both language and mathematics classroom settings. Students from two different Grade 9 FI mathematics classes participated in the study (n=22). The participants worked in a total of nine pair groups or groups of three on a mathematics problem-solving task. The main source of data were audio recordings of students’ classroom interactions as they worked together on the task. These data were triangulated with field notes, students’ written work, and follow-up interviews (n=21) with the participant pairs or groups. The data were analyzed using the turn as the unit of analysis and results are presented thematically. Three key interdependent themes were identified: student participation, the quantity and nature of student discourse, and problem-solving strategies as a source of student discourse. Results suggest that most students participated in the task, most were focused on the task at hand, and that the factors at play in any given pair or group of students are complex. The results hold relevance for the Canadian FI context and could be applicable in other educational contexts in which students are learning mathematics in their L2.
Keywords:
- French immersion,
- L2,
- mathematics,
- discourse,
- problem-solving task
Appendices
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