Résumés
Résumé
Les besoins des victimes d’actes criminels violents sont multiples. Les victimes ont, entre autres, besoin de se sentir soutenues et reconnues en tant que victimes et de participer aux procédures judiciaires. Plusieurs études scientifiques révèlent que les interventions réparatrices ont la capacité de répondre à ces besoins. Bien que les victimes ne soient pas toujours intéressées par une telle approche, celles qui acceptent d’y participer sont effectivement satisfaites de l’offre réparatrice. On pourrait dépasser l’interrogation sur la pertinence d’offrir des mesures réparatrices aux victimes de crimes violents et plutôt se demander quel est le meilleur moment pour le faire. Dans cet article, nous comparons les expériences des victimes de crimes violents qui ont participé à une intervention réparatrice soit avant, soit après qu’une décision judiciaire a été prise. Nous voulions savoir notamment quel est l’impact d’une réponse judiciaire sur l’appréciation de l’approche réparatrice et si la disponibilité d’une décision judiciaire est une condition pour l’appréciation de l’approche bilatérale de la justice réparatrice. Cette étude illustre aussi comment les victimes situent l’approche réparatrice par rapport au système judiciaire.
Mots-clés :
- Victimes d’actes criminels,
- justice réparatrice,
- justice procédurale,
- justice pénale
Abstract
The needs of victims of violence are numerous. Victims are looking for support and recognition as well as information about possible remedies. Often, they are left with questions following their victimization such why this happened to them. Empirical data reveal that restorative practices are able to respond to many of these needs. While not every victim is interested in participating in a restorative intervention, those victims who do partake in restorative justice programs are generally satisfied with their experience. Therefore, we can move beyond the question whether it is pertinent to offer restorative interventions to victims of violent crime, and instead examine how best to introduce victims to restorative justice programs. In this paper we compare the experiences of victims of serious violent crimes with a restorative intervention completed before or after a judicial decision was taken. Specifically, we ask : What is the role of a restorative intervention before and after adjudication ? What is the impact of a judicial response on the victims’ assessment of the restorative intervention ? Is the availability of a judicial decision a condition for the appreciation of the bilateral nature of the restorative approach ? The findings also shed light on where victims of violence place the restorative offer in relation to the criminal justice system.
Keywords:
- Victims of crime,
- restorative justice,
- procedural justice,
- criminal justice
Resumen
Las necesidades de las víctimas de violencia son numerosas ; están, entre otras, las de sentirse respaldadas, participantes y reconocidas como tales. Diversos estudios científicos muestran que las intervenciones de reparación pueden dar respuesta a estas necesidades. Aunque no siempre interesadas, las víctimas que aceptan participar resultan efectivamente satisfechas de la tarea reparadora. Puede obviarse la interrogante sobre la pertinencia de ofrecer medidas de reparación a las víctimas de crímenes violentos y más bien preguntarse cuál es el mejor momento para involucrarlas en dicho enfoque. En este artículo se comparan las experiencias de víctimas de crímenes violentos que han participado en una intervención de reparación, ya sea antes o después de una decisión judicial. Se cuestiona también el papel de una intervención de este tipo antes y después de la decisión judicial, y el impacto de una respuesta judicial respecto de la apreciación del enfoque de reparación. ¿La disponibilidad de una decisión judicial es una condición para la apreciación del enfoque bilateral de la justicia restaurativa ? Este estudio subraya igualmente la forma en que las víctimas de violencia ubican el enfoque reparador en relación con el sistema judicial.
Palabras clave:
- Víctimas de actos criminales,
- justicia restaurativa,
- justicia procedural,
- justicia penal
Parties annexes
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