Résumés
Résumé
Le large corpus de travail sur la question des femmes après la Révolution islamique en Iran se concentre principalement sur les discours formels et tire des conclusions universelles à partir de la vie d’un seul segment de femmes. Cet article met l’accent sur la diversité des femmes iraniennes et se concentre sur un village agricole pour discuter des expériences des femmes rurales et examiner comment elles transforment leur vie. L’image qui ressort de l’étude de ces femmes est différente de celle qui correspond aux Iraniennes de la classe moyenne urbaine et contraste avec l’image dominante des femmes musulmanes comme retirées, voilées et passives. Les femmes de ce village font face à plusieurs sortes de rapports de domination qui s’appuient sur le capitalisme, le patriarcat, l’idéologie islamique, la génération, le genre et d’autres facteurs. Cependant, les femmes, individuellement et en tant que groupe, tentent d’améliorer leur situation. Cet article affirme qu’on doit rompre avec la tradition qui considère l’islam comme monolithique, les femmes musulmanes comme passives et les Iraniennes comme ne formant qu’une seule catégorie.
Mots clés:
- Ghorayshi,
- femmes iraniennes rurales,
- femmes et résistance,
- femmes et relations de pouvoir,
- État et femmes,
- femmes musulmanes,
- islam,
- Iran
Abstract
The extensive body of work on women’s question after the Islamic revolution in Iran, for the most part, focuses on formal discourses and universalizes the life of one segment of women. This paper emphasizes that Iranian women are diverse, focuses on an agricultural village to discuss rural women experiences and how they are transforming their lives. The picture of rural women which emerges from this study is different from that of urban middle class Iranian woman and is far from the dominant image of Muslim women as secluded, veiled and passive. Women of this village face multi-layered relations of domination which is based on capitalism, patriarchy, Islamic ideology, generation, gender and other factors. However, women, individually and as a group, within their limits and possibilities, attempt to improve their situation. This paper provides a strong evidence that we must break with the tradition that conceptualizes Islam as monolithic, Muslim women as passive and Iranian women as one.
Key words:
- Ghorayshi,
- rural Iranian women,
- women and resistance,
- women and power relations,
- State and women,
- muslim women,
- Islam,
- Iran
Parties annexes
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