Résumés
Abstract
This paper will apply a Bourdieusian theoretical framework to analyze the military field and evaluate the interpreting habitus that emerged during the U.S. military occupation of South Korea (1945-1948). Despite its position of military dominance within the military field, the United States Army Military Government in Korea (USAMGIK) was unable to assert the normal hierarchical structure of an occupational force during interpreted events. This provided interpreters with the freedom to, when necessary, actively intervene in interlingual exchanges rather than be limited to function as “conduits.” This paper theorizes that interpreting activity is a site for the recontextualization of social hierarchical relations and proposes that while dominant agents and institutions typically dictate the terms under which the norms of interpreting are (re)established, under certain conditions, empowered interpreters may challenge the authority of these dominant institutions and redefine the interpreting habitus.
Keywords:
- interpreter,
- habitus,
- Korea,
- USAMGIK,
- interpreter’s government
Résumé
Cet article mobilise un cadre théorique bourdieusien dans le but d’analyser le champ militaire et d’évaluer l’habitus d’interprétation qui est apparu pendant l’occupation militaire américaine de la Corée du Sud (1945-1948). Malgré sa position dominante dans le champ militaire, le gouvernement militaire de l’armée américaine en Corée (USAMGIK) n’a pu établir la structure hiérarchique standard d’une force d’occupation lors d’événements nécessitant des interprètes. Cette situation a donné aux interprètes la liberté, si nécessaire, d’intervenir activement dans des échanges interlinguaux plutôt que d’être limités à fonctionner comme des « canaux ». Cet article théorise l’activité d’interprétation comme site de la recontextualisation des rapports hiérarchiques sociaux et propose que, bien que les agents et institutions dominants dictent généralement les conditions dans lesquelles les normes d’interprétation sont (ré)établies, dans certains cas, des interprètes devenu(e)s autonomes peuvent contester l’autorité de ces institutions dominantes et redéfinir l’habitus d’interprétation.
Mots-clés :
- interprète,
- habitus,
- Corée,
- USAMGIK,
- gouvernement de l’interprète
Parties annexes
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