Résumés
Abstract
Rhyme is an important element in the fusion of sense and sound that constitutes poetry. No mere ornament in versification, rhyme performs significant artistic functions. Structurally, it unifies and distinguishes units within a poem. Semantically, it can serve to enhance or ironise sense. Emotively, it sets up pleasing resonances that deepen artistic appeal. And prosodically, rhyme can be seen as the keynote in a melody: rhyme is a modulator of pace and rhythm, while rhyme change can mark a turn of rhythm and sense in a long poem.
Different languages have different combinations of linguistic resources for versification. This essay will revisit the debate on the use of rhymed English to translate classical Chinese poetry, moving beyond the general observations and experiential insights currently available to present concrete evidence on the rhyming resources and practices of English and Chinese. These comparative observations should shed new light on the linguistic and aesthetic issues involved in using rhymed English to translate classical Chinese poetry.
Keywords:
- paucity of English rhymes,
- abundance of Chinese rhymes,
- assonance and consonance,
- level-tone rhymes,
- rhyming dictionaries
Résumé
En poésie, la rime contribue à fusionner le sens et la forme. Bien plus qu’un simple ornement, la rime occupe une fonction artistique importante. Sur le plan de la structure, elle permet de rassembler et de distinguer les unités du poème, tandis que sur le plan sémantique, elle accentue le sens ou encore exprime l’ironie. Sur le plan émotionnel, la rime créé des sonorités agréables qui accentuent l’attrait artistique du poème. En termes de prosodie, elle est ce que la tonique est à la mélodie; elle permet de moduler la cadence et le rythme. Dans un long poème, les différentes rimes peuvent marquer un changement de rythme et de sens.
Chaque langue peut combiner des ressources linguistiques différentes pour créer des vers. Cet article réexamine la question de la traduction de la poésie chinoise classique dans un anglais rimé, en allant au-delà des observations générales et des études existantes, pour proposer des preuves concrètes quant aux ressources et aux pratiques de la rime en anglais et en chinois. Cette comparaison devrait permettre de jeter une lumière nouvelle sur les difficultés linguistiques et esthétiques liées à l’utilisation des rimes pour traduire en anglais la poésie classique chinoise.
Mots-clés :
- pénurie de rimes en anglais,
- abondance de rimes en chinois,
- assonance et consonance,
- variations tonales des rimes,
- dictionnaires de rimes
Parties annexes
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