Résumés
Abstract
This study explores shifts in discourse strategies in the cross-cultural communication of medical knowledge from Britain to China in the 19th century. The study adopts a novel perspective via grammatical metaphor that encodes the cognitive construal of medical knowledge. A parallel corpus was constructed containing both the original text in English and the translated text in Chinese. Extensive linguistic annotation of the corpus was carried out to identify metaphor-congruency shifts encoded grammatically as noun-to-verb and noun-to-adjective shifts between the source language and the target language. Based on empirical observations, the study uncovers important differences in communication strategies across the two texts through metaphor-congruency changes as a meaning-making choice for knowledge construal. To us, such shifts in the semiotic representation as communication strategies might represent cultural adaptations necessary for the smooth transmission of disciplinary knowledge across British and Chinese cultures. The study suggests that the cognitive underpinning of linguistic encodings is specific to explicitation and local experience, which influence how ideas and concepts are perceived and represented in medical discourse in particular and cross-cultural communication in general.
Keywords:
- 19th century China,
- grammatical metaphor,
- medical translation,
- medical knowledge transmission,
- medical knowledge construal
Résumé
La présente étude porte sur les changements des stratégies discursives utilisées dans la communication interculturelle des connaissances médicales circulant de la Grande-Bretagne vers la Chine au XIXe siècle. Adoptant une nouvelle perspective basée sur la métaphore grammaticale, nous explorons la manière dont les connaissances médicales sont encodées cognitivement. Le recours à un corpus parallèle, constitué du texte original en anglais et de sa traduction chinoise, accompagné d’une annotation linguistique détaillée, a permis de repérer les changements de congruence métaphorique encodés grammaticalement, sous la forme de passages, de la langue source à la langue cible, du nom au verbe et du nom à l’adjectif. Les observations empiriques révèlent des différences significatives de stratégies de communication d’un texte à l’autre, grâce à des changements de congruence métaphorique en tant que choix de production de signification pour la construction des connaissances. Ces modifications des représentations sémiotiques nous paraissent constituer des adaptations culturelles essentielles à une transmission fluide des connaissances disciplinaires entre les cultures britannique et chinoise. L’étude suggère que les fondements cognitifs des encodages linguistiques sont liés à l’explicitation et à l’expérience locale, ce qui influence la perception et la représentation des idées dans le discours médical, et de manière plus générale, la communication interculturelle.
Mots-clés :
- Chine du XIXe siècle,
- métaphore grammaticale,
- traduction médicale,
- transmission des connaissances médicales,
- construction des connaissances médicales
Resumen
Este estudio examina los cambios en las estrategias discursivas empleadas para la transmisión del conocimiento médico desde Gran Bretaña hacia China en el siglo XIX. Partiendo del enfoque de la metáfora gramatical, se analiza cómo se construye cognitivamente dicho conocimiento. Para ello, se ha elaborado un corpus paralelo que incluye tanto el texto inglés original como su texto traducido al chino. Además, se ha llevado a cabo una anotación lingüística detallada del corpus para identificar cambios de congruencia metafórica codificados gramaticalmente, como conversión de sustantivos en verbos y de sustantivos en adjetivos entre el idioma fuente y el idioma meta. Los resultados muestran diferencias significativas en las estrategias de comunicación utilizadas en ambos textos, donde las variaciones en la congruencia metafórica se revelan como una opción significativa en la construcción del conocimiento. Consideramos que estos cambios en la representación semiótica, en tanto estrategias discursivas, pueden interpretarse como adaptaciones culturales esenciales para facilitar la transmisión efectiva del conocimiento disciplinario entre las culturas británica y china. El estudio concluye que los fundamentos cognitivos que subyacen a las codificaciones lingüísticas están determinados por procesos de explicitación y por experiencias culturales locales, los cuales influyen en la manera en que se perciben y expresan las ideas y conceptos, tanto en el discurso médico como en la comunicación intercultural.
Palabras clave:
- China del siglo XIX,
- metáfora gramatical,
- traducción médica,
- transmisión del conocimiento médico,
- construcción del conocimiento médico
Parties annexes
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