Résumés
Abstract
This article is comprised of a rationale and proposal for a framework of “translator norms,” intended to extend and complement the existing norm frameworks in Translation Studies. The proposed concept of translator norms focuses on normative behaviors and expectations around the figures of translators as individuals, rather than on the process and product aspects that have predominantly been the focus of existing work on translation norms. Translator norms, as described here, tend to logically precede the work of translation and often relate to the hiring and selection of translators. The categories proposed are discussed with reference to existing scholarship in Translation and Interpreting Studies that highlights the kinds of tendencies and values that can be interpreted in terms of norms. While the norms themselves are not the focus of the article, some specific norms are discussed in the elaboration of the categories within which we might investigate them and others. Retheorizing these areas as part of a structure of translator norms can help promote critical evaluation of assumptions and implications of particular decisions around translators that may turn out to be context-specific and normative rather than universal. A re-evaluation of some of these assumptions can in turn facilitate decolonizing approaches in translation and Translation Studies by calling attention to previously devalued practices, identities, and forms of knowledge.
Keywords:
- norm theory,
- translator studies,
- translation theory,
- DTS
Résumé
Cet article propose, après en avoir justifié la nécessité, un cadre général des « normes relatives aux traducteurs et traductrices », qui vise à compléter les cadres normatifs déjà formulés dans le domaine de la traductologie. L’idée de normes relatives aux traducteurs et traductrices proposée porte sur les attentes dont ils et elles font l’objet en tant qu’individus, et sur leurs comportements. Elles se distinguent ainsi des aspects liés au processus et au produit de la traduction, sur lesquels la majorité des travaux en matière de normes de traduction se sont penchés jusqu’ici. Les normes relatives aux traducteurs et traductrices, telles que décrites dans cet article, tendent logiquement à précéder le travail de traduction, et concernent souvent le recrutement et la sélection des traducteurs et traductrices. Les catégories suggérées ici font référence aux études de traductologie existantes qui mettent en évidence les tendances et valeurs pouvant être interprétées comme normes. Bien que les normes elles-mêmes ne constituent pas le point focal de cet article, certaines normes spécifiques sont abordées dans le cadre d’une discussion sur l’élaboration de catégories, au sein desquelles elles peuvent être étudiées, ainsi que d’autres normes. La re-théorisation de ces sujets, dans le cadre d’une structuration des normes relatives aux traducteurs et traductrices, permet d’encourager une évaluation critique des présomptions et implications liées à la prise de décisions spécifiques visant les traducteurs et traductrices. Ces décisions pourraient s’avérer normatives, et basées sur un contexte spécifique, plutôt qu’universelles. Une réévaluation de ces présomptions permettrait également de favoriser les approches visant à décoloniser les domaines de la traduction et de la traductologie, en pointant du doigt certaines pratiques et identités, et certains modes de connaissance, qui auraient précédemment été dépréciés.
Mots-clés :
- théorie des normes,
- études des traducteurs et traductrices,
- théorie de la traduction,
- traductologie descriptive
Resumen
Este artículo presenta fundamentos y una propuesta para el marco de las “normas del traductor”, con el propósito de ampliar y complementar los presentes marcos teóricos sobre normas en estudios de traducción. El concepto propuesto de normas del traductor se centra en conductas y expectativas normativas en torno a la figura del traductor como individuo más que en aspectos del proceso y producto que han sido el eje primordial en trabajos actuales sobre normas de traducción. Las normas del traductor, como se describen aquí, tienden a preceder el trabajo de traducción de forma lógica y, a menudo, se relacionan con la contratación y selección de traductores. En este trabajo, las categorías propuestas se discuten considerando la literatura actual en traducción e interpretación, que hace hincapié en los tipos de tendencias y valores que se pueden comprender desde el punto de vista de las normas. Si bien las normas de por sí no son el foco del artículo, se abordan algunas normas específicas en la elaboración de categorías dentro de las cuales se podrían investigar junto a otras. Se propone que reteorizar estas áreas como parte de la estructura de las normas del traductor puede contribuir a promover la evaluación crítica de los supuestos e implicaciones en torno a decisiones particulares sobre traductores que pueden llegar a depender del contexto y ser normativas en lugar de universales. Una reevaluación de algunas de estos supuestos puede, a su vez, facilitar posturas que descolonicen en traducción y estudios de traducción al prestar atención a prácticas, identidades y formas de conocimiento previamente devaluadas.
Palabras clave:
- teoría de las normas,
- estudios del traductor,
- teoría de la traducción,
- EDT
Parties annexes
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