Résumés
Résumé
La littérature sur les déterminants de la croissance des PME est abondante. Les principaux facteurs étudiés concernent les caractéristiques de l’industrie, de l’entreprise, de la stratégie et de l’entrepreneur. L’idée soutenue dans ce travail est que les déterminants traditionnels de la croissance, et notamment les caractéristiques initiales du dirigeant (lors de la création), ont une influence variable au fil du temps sur celle-ci. Nous attendons notamment une diminution de l’influence des caractéristiques initiales du dirigeant. Afin de vérifier cette proposition, nous avons mesuré l’impact de facteurs considérés par la littérature comme explicatifs du développement de la PME trois puis cinq années après la création de celle-ci. Notre échantillon concerne 2 350 PME provenant de plusieurs secteurs d’activité. Nos résultats indiquent que les déterminants expliquent moins bien la croissance de la PME cinq ans après sa naissance que trois ans après. Cette diminution concerne particulièrement l’influence du dirigeant, le secteur et les caractéristiques de l’entreprise.
Mots-clés:
- Croissance,
- Entrepreneur,
- Déterminants,
- PME,
- Temps
Abstract
There is a plethoric literature on the determinants of SMEs’ growth. The main determining factors can be classified into characteristics of the environment, of the firm, of its strategy and of the entrepreneur. The idea behind this research is that the determinants’ influence on growth, and especially of the initial characteristics of the entrepreneur at the startup phase, will vary over time. To test this assumption, we measured the impact of several factors considered by the literature as influencing the growth of SMEs three and five years after their creation. Our sample consisted of 2 350 SMEs from various industries. Our results indicate that the determinants have a lower explanatory power of the growth of SMEs five years than three years after the creation. This decrease particularly affects the initial entrepreneurial characteristics, as well as the sector’s and the firm’s characteristics.
Keywords:
- Growth,
- Entrepreneur,
- Small business,
- SMEs,
- Time
Resumen
Los estudios sobre los determinantes del crecimiento de las PyME son abundantes. Los principales factores estudiados son las características de la industria, de la empresa, de la estrategia y del emprendedor. En este trabajo demonstramos que los determinantes de crecimiento tradicionales, incluidas las características iniciales del dirigente (al crear la empresa), tienen un impacto variable con el tiempo. Preveemos la disminución de la influencia de las características iniciales del dirigente con el tiempo. Para comprobarlo, medimos el impacto de los factores considerados por la literatura como explicativos del desarrollo de las PyME tres y cinco años después de la creación. Nuestra muestra se refiere a 2 350 PyME de diversos sectores. Los resultados indican que los determinantes explican el crecimiento de las PyME menos cinco años después de la creación que tres años después. Esta disminución se refiere particularmente a la influencia del dirigente, del sector y de las características de la empresa.
Palabras clave:
- Crecimiento,
- Dirigente,
- Determinantes,
- PyME,
- Tiempo
Parties annexes
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