Résumés
Abstract
This article tells the story of a group of Alaska indigenous leaders’ transition to capitalism. With Congressional passage of the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act (ANCSA) in 1971, a new economic position emerges in Alaska Native society which creates opportunities for indigenous leaders to develop an awareness of themselves as a particular type of entrepreneurial group. Based on observation and analysis, this story traces the development of Kodiak Island Native leaders and relates their enduring apprehension as emerging capitalist agents who become conscious of their role as bearers of a project of identity formation. I claim that pre-ANCSA Kodiak society is a particular system of stratification in which social and cultural sources of power and privilege are dominant. The transition to post-ANCSA society is a process of converting devalued forms of power into new, economically defined forms and marks a shift from rank order to capitalist class stratification.
Résumé
Cet article concerne la transition vers le capitalisme par un groupe de leaders autochtones de l’Alaska. Lors de l’adoption par le Congrès américain de l’Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act (ANCSA) en 1971, une nouvelle situation économique fut accessible à la société autochtone de l’Alaska, créant ainsi des opportunités pour les leaders autochtones de devenir des entrepreneurs. Basée sur l’observation et l’analyse, cette recherche retrace le développement des leaders autochtones de l’île Kodiak et raconte leur continuelle appréhension en tant qu’agents du capitalisme devenant conscients de leur rôle d’endosseurs d’une nouvelle formation identitaire. Je suggère que la société de Kodiak pré-ANCSA est associée à un système social stratifié particulier dans lequel les sources de pouvoir et de privilèges sociaux et culturels sont dominantes. La transition vers la société post-ANCSA est un processus qui convertit des formes de pouvoir dévaluées en de nouvelles formes économiquement définies, marquant ainsi un changement à partir d’un ordre de rangs vers une stratification capitaliste basée sur des classes.
Parties annexes
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