Résumés
Résumé
Les recherches quantitatives sur les femmes incarcérées restent rares, notamment celles explorant les liens entre vulnérabilités, adversités précoces et trajectoires délinquantes. Cette étude, menée auprès de 100 femmes incarcérées en Belgique francophone par le biais de questionnaires en face à face, vise à documenter la prévalence de ces facteurs, à analyser leurs interrelations et à explorer leur influence sur certaines infractions commises. Des analyses factorielles ont mis en évidence quatre facteurs de vulnérabilité (troubles de santé mentale, consommation, précarité socio-économique et relations conjugales dysfonctionnelles) et deux d’adversité (adversités familiales précoces et victimisations). Les résultats montrent une forte prévalence de polyvulnérabilité et d’adversités vécues, significativement associées à certaines infractions, en particulier les violences physiques commises contre les personnes et le trafic de stupéfiants. Ces résultats soulignent le rôle central des expériences traumatiques et des vulnérabilités multiples dans l’émergence des conduites délinquantes, plaidant en faveur d’une prise en charge intégrée, sensible au genre, qui tient compte du parcours de vie des femmes incarcérées afin de prévenir l’engagement dans des trajectoires délinquantes ou le risque de récidive.
Mots-clés :
- Vulnérabilités,
- délinquance,
- trajectoires de vie,
- femmes incarcérées
Abstract
Quantitative research about women in prison remains scarce, especially studies exploring the links between vulnerability, early adversity and delinquent trajectories. This study, carried out with 100 women incarcerated in French-speaking Belgium via face-to-face questionnaires, aims to document the prevalence of these factors, while analyzing their interrelationships and exploring their influence on certain offenses committed. Factor analyses revealed four vulnerability factors (mental health disorders, substance abuse, socio-economic precariousness and dysfunctional marital relationships), as well as two adversity factors (early family adversity and victimization). The results show a high prevalence of polyvulnerability and adversity to be significantly associated with certain offences, in particular physical violence and drug trafficking. These results underline the central role of traumatic experiences and multiple vulnerabilities in the emergence of delinquent behaviour, and argue in favour of integrated, gender-sensitive care that takes into account the life course of incarcerated women in order to prevent their involvement in delinquent trajectories and reduce the risk of recidivism.
Keywords:
- Vulnerabilities,
- delinquency,
- life trajectories,
- incarcerated women
Resumen
Las investigaciones cuantitativas sobre las mujeres encarceladas siguen siendo escasas, en particular las que exploran los vínculos entre vulnerabilidad, adversidad precoz y trayectorias delictivas. Este estudio, llevado a cabo con 100 mujeres encarceladas en la Bélgica francófona y realizado mediante cuestionarios cara a cara, pretende documentar la prevalencia de estos factores, analizar sus interrelaciones y explorar su influencia en la comisión de determinados delitos. Los análisis factoriales revelan cuatro factores de vulnerabilidad (problemas de salud mental, abuso de sustancias, inseguridad socioeconómica y relaciones conyugales disfuncionales) y dos factores de adversidad (adversidad familiar temprana y victimización). Los resultados muestran una elevada prevalencia de polivulnerabilidad y adversidad, significativamente asociada a determinados delitos, en particular la violencia física contra la persona y el tráfico de drogas. Estos resultados ponen de relieve el papel central de las experiencias traumáticas y las múltiples vulnerabilidades en la aparición de conductas delictivas, abogando a favor de una atención integral y sensible a las cuestiones de género que tenga en cuenta las historias de vida de las mujeres encarceladas con el fin de prevenir su implicación en conductas delictivas o el riesgo de reincidencia.
Palabras clave:
- Vulnerabilidades,
- delincuencia,
- trayectorias de vida,
- mujeres encarceladas
Parties annexes
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