Résumés
Résumé
Cet article porte sur l’influence de la famille sur la délinquance selon le sexe. Trois questions sont abordées : l’exposition aux facteurs de risque familiaux diffère-t-elle selon le sexe ?, la nature et la force d’association de ces facteurs aux comportements violents varient-elles selon le sexe ?, et quels sont les facteurs familiaux qui expliquent le mieux les comportements violents des filles et des garçons ? Un échantillon de garçons (n = 506) et de filles (n = 150) judiciarisés et un autre d’écoliers (n = 204) et d’écolières (n = 198) de Montréal sont utilisés. Les analyses révèlent que les filles judiciarisées affichent un profil familial plus problématique que celui de leurs confrères, bien qu’elles soient plus supervisées. Chez les écoliers et les écolières, le milieu familial est très semblable. Les analyses multivariées indiquent que la supervision des garçons et des filles, quel que soit l’échantillon, est une bonne protection contre les comportements violents. Par contre, les faibles liens ont plus d’importance pour la délinquance des garçons quel que soit l’échantillon, et la déviance parentale affecte un peu plus celle des filles judiciarisées. Ainsi, les mêmes concepts proximaux peuvent être utilisés pour expliquer les comportements violents des filles et des garçons, mais il faut continuer la recherche sur les concepts plus distants. Les interventions devraient porter sur l’amélioration des pratiques disciplinaires et le renforcement des liens.
Mots clés:
- famille,
- comportements violents,
- différences sexuelles,
- jeunes judiciarisés,
- facteurs de risque,
- régressions
Abstract
This article is on the influence of family on delinquency across gender. Three questions are investigated: does the exposure to family risk factors vary as a function of gender?, do the nature and strength of association between those factors and violent behaviours vary across gender?, and which factors best explain males’ and females’ violent behaviours? A sample of adjudicated adolescent males (n = 506) and females (n = 150) as well as a school-based sample of males (n = 204) and females (n = 198) of Montreal were compared. Analyses show that adjudicated females, even if they are more supervised, present a more problematic familial situation as compared to their male counterparts. For the school-based sample, the familial situation is very similar. Multivariate analyses confirm that supervision of both males and females is an important protection against violent behaviours in both samples. Nevertheless, weak ties seem to have a greater importance for boys’ delinquency in both sample, and parental deviance seems to be more relevant for adjudicated girls’ delinquency. The same proximal concepts should be use to explain violent behaviours of males and females, but research should investigated more seriously distant concepts. The interventions should focus on improving disciplinary practices and establishing stronger family ties.
Key Words:
- family,
- violent behaviours,
- gender gap,
- adjudicated youths,
- risk factors,
- regression
Parties annexes
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