Résumés
Résumé
Contexte : Le service des urgences (SU) est perçu comme imprévisible, chaotique et peu propice à la préservation de la confidentialité des patients. Lorsque des patients se présentent avec des besoins de soins de fin de vie (FDV), les infirmières et infirmiers ne reçoivent pas systématiquement la formation ni les ressources nécessaires pour dispenser ce type de soins.
Méthodes : Un évaluateur a effectué une recherche dans cinq bases de données. Les titres, résumés et textes intégraux ont été examinés par un seul évaluateur, ce qui a permis de retenir 15 études. Les critères d’inclusion portaient sur des infirmières et infirmiers des services d’urgence prenant en charge des patients adultes au Canada, en Australie, au Royaume-Uni et en Nouvelle-Zélande, sans limite de date de publication. Seules les publications rédigées en anglais ont été incluses.
Résultats : Les infirmières et infirmiers des services d’urgence au Canada, en Australie, au Royaume-Uni et en Nouvelle-Zélande font face à des défis similaires dans la prestation des soins de fin de vie. Les résultats de recherche mettent en évidence d’importants obstacles environnementaux, éducatifs et communicationnels qui entravent la prestation de ces soins par le personnel infirmier en SU.
Conclusion : Les principaux obstacles étant liés à l’environnement du SU, au manque de formation et aux compétences en communication, les infirmières et infirmiers ne sont pas adéquatement préparés, ni dans leur formation initiale ni dans la formation continue, à offrir des soins de qualité en fin de vie aux patients et à leurs familles. Une formation ciblant les obstacles liés à la communication, à l’environnement et à l’éducation améliorerait l’expérience des infirmières et infirmiers dispensant des soins aux patients en fin de vie ainsi qu’à leurs familles. La recherche portant sur l’intégration de l’enseignement des soins de fin de vie au niveau de la formation initiale en sciences infirmières pourrait permettre de mieux comprendre les obstacles institutionnels et d’orienter les besoins éducatifs des infirmières et infirmiers en exercice.
Mots-clés :
- service des urgences,
- soins palliatifs,
- soins de fin de vie,
- infirmières et infirmiers d’urgence,
- formation en soins de fin de vie
Parties annexes
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