Abstracts
Abstract
Clozapine is the gold-standard treatment for refractory psychotic disorders but is associated with rare, potentially fatal cardiovascular complications. We report the case of a 72-year-old man with schizoaffective disorder and complex multimorbidity who developed acute cardiac decompensation compatible with Clozapine-associated myocarditis. Despite prompt Clozapine discontinuation and supportive management, he experienced ventricular fibrillation leading to cardiac arrest. Subsequent investigations revealed a spontaneous Type I Brugada electrocardiogram (ECG) pattern compatible with Brugada syndrome (BrS), a rare inherited cardiac channelopathy associated with sudden cardiac death. After full medical stabilization and recovery of cardiac function, antipsychotic treatment was cautiously reintroduced with Quetiapine, resulting in good psychiatric response without recurrence of cardiac abnormalities to date. This case highlights the diagnostic challenges at the intersection of psychopharmacology and inherited arrhythmogenic disorders in older psychiatric patients. Moreover, it underscores the importance of considering Brugada syndrome in unexplained cardiac arrest and malignant arrhythmias during Clozapine treatment, even when myocarditis is initially suspected.
Keywords:
- Brugada syndrome,
- myocarditis,
- clozapine,
- antipsychotics,
- geriatric psychiatry
Résumé
La clozapine constitue le traitement de référence des troubles psychotiques réfractaires, mais elle est associée à des complications cardiovasculaires rares et potentiellement fatales. Nous rapportons le cas d’un homme de 72 ans atteint de trouble schizoaffectif et présentant une multimorbidité complexe, ayant développé une décompensation cardiaque aiguë compatible avec une myocardite associée à la clozapine. Malgré l’arrêt rapide de la clozapine et une prise en charge de soutien appropriée, le patient a présenté une fibrillation ventriculaire conduisant à un arrêt cardiaque. Les investigations ultérieures ont mis en évidence un tracé électrocardiographique spontané de type I compatible avec un syndrome de Brugada (BrS), une canalopathie cardiaque héréditaire rare associée à la mort subite d’origine cardiaque. Après stabilisation médicale complète et récupération de la fonction cardiaque, un traitement antipsychotique a été réintroduit avec prudence par Quétiapine, permettant une bonne réponse psychiatrique sans récidive d’anomalies cardiaques à ce jour. Ce cas met en lumière les défis diagnostiques à l’interface entre la psychopharmacologie et les troubles arythmogènes héréditaires chez les patients psychiatriques âgés. Il souligne également l’importance d’évoquer un syndrome de Brugada en présence d’un arrêt cardiaque inexpliqué ou d’arythmies malignes au cours d’un traitement par clozapine, même lorsqu’une myocardite est initialement suspectée.
Mots-clés :
- syndrome de Brugada,
- myocardite,
- clozapine,
- antipsychotiques,
- psychiatrie gériatrique
Appendices
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