Abstracts
Résumé
Les présentations neuropsychiatriques atypiques chez la personne âgée représentent un défi diagnostique important, surtout lorsque les symptômes psychiatriques dominent initialement le tableau clinique. Nous rapportons le cas d’une femme de 68 ans référée en gérontopsychiatrie pour des symptômes dépressifs associés à des plaintes cognitives fluctuantes, des épisodes paroxystiques brefs avec confusion et altération du langage, ainsi que des manifestations somatiques et motrices atypiques. Les investigations initiales, incluant imagerie cérébrale et bilans biologiques, étaient non contributives, orientant d’abord vers des hypothèses psychiatriques primaires ou fonctionnelles. Toutefois, l’évolution longitudinale, la nature stéréotypée des épisodes et certains éléments cliniques ont motivé une évaluation neurologique approfondie. Un enregistrement vidéo-EEG a finalement mis en évidence une activité épileptique compatible avec une épilepsie temporale, expliquant l’ensemble des manifestations. L’introduction d’un traitement anticonvulsivant a entraîné une amélioration marquée de l’humeur, de l’anxiété, des symptômes somatiques et moteurs, soutenant l’hypothèse d’une origine neurologique sous-jacente.
Ce cas illustre la complexité diagnostique des tableaux à l’interface de la psychiatrie et de la neurologie et le risque d’attribution prématurée à une étiologie psychique lorsque les examens usuels sont normaux. Il souligne l’importance d’un raisonnement longitudinal, d’une attention aux signes atypiques et d’une collaboration interdisciplinaire étroite afin de réduire les retards diagnostiques, d’éviter les traitements inappropriés et d’optimiser les trajectoires de soins ainsi que les résultats cliniques.
Mots-clés :
- gérontopsychiatrie,
- psychiatrie,
- présentation neuropsychiatrique atypique,
- trouble neurocognitif,
- épilepsie,
- épilepsie temporale,
- diagnostic différentiel,
- approche interdisciplinaire,
- neuropsychiatrie,
- personne âgée
Abstract
Atypical neuropsychiatric presentations in older adults pose significant diagnostic challenges, particularly when psychiatric symptoms predominate early in the clinical course. We report the case of a 68-year-old woman referred to geriatric psychiatry for depressive symptoms associated with fluctuating cognitive complaints, brief paroxysmal episodes of confusion and language disturbance, and atypical somatic and motor manifestations. Initial investigations, including brain imaging and laboratory testing, were unremarkable, leading to preliminary consideration of primary psychiatric or functional etiologies. However, the longitudinal evolution, stereotyped episodic phenomena, and some clinical findings prompted further neurological assessment. Video-EEG monitoring ultimately documented epileptic activity consistent with temporal lobe seizure, providing a unifying explanation for the patient’s symptoms. Introduction of anticonvulsant therapy resulted in marked improvement in mood, anxiety, somatic complaints, and motor manifestations, supporting an underlying neurological cause.
This case highlights the diagnostic complexity of conditions at the interface of psychiatry and neurology and illustrates the risk of premature psychogenic attribution when standard investigations are normal. It underscores the importance of longitudinal diagnostic reasoning, vigilance for atypical features, and close interdisciplinary collaboration to minimize diagnostic delay and inappropriate treatment. Improved characterization of diagnostic trajectories in complex neuropsychiatric presentations among older adults may enhance diagnostic accuracy, optimize care pathways, and ultimately improve clinical outcomes.
Keywords:
- geriatric psychiatry,
- psychiatry,
- atypical neuropsychiatric presentation,
- cognition disorders,
- epilepsy,
- temporal lobe epilepsy,
- differential diagnosis,
- interdisciplinary approach,
- neuropsychiatry,
- aged
Appendices
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