Abstracts
Résumé
Alors qu’elles sont surreprésentées dans certains problèmes de santé, les personnes de minorités sexuelles et de genre (MSG) font face à des inégalités dans l’accès aux soins et aux services, particulièrement en région. Cette étude vise à identifier les facteurs de stress et de résilience vécus par des personnes de MSG de l’Estrie dans les soins et services, ainsi que dans d’autres sphères de leur vie. Elle cherche également à comprendre comment ces facteurs prennent forme et interagissent au sein des systèmes sociaux dans lesquels ils émergent, et à explorer les effets que ces dynamiques peuvent avoir, selon les personnes concernées, sur leur santé mentale et physique. S’appuyant sur les verbatims de quatre groupes de discussion (n=19 personnes de minorités sexuelles et/ou de genre), une analyse thématique a été réalisée selon une approche déductive, basée sur deux temps de codages : le premier mobilisant le modèle du stress minoritaire, le second s’appuyant sur le modèle écosystémique. Les résultats mettent en lumière la présence de stresseurs à différents niveaux systémiques, particulièrement au sein de l’exosystème (services et institutions), où les personnes rapportent des obstacles à l’accès, un manque de reconnaissance et des expériences de discrimination. Ces dynamiques tendent à générer du stress susceptible d’aggraver les inégalités vécues. En revanche, les facteurs de résilience identifiés relèvent surtout du microsystème, notamment dans le cadre de stratégies individuelles et des réseaux communautaires, révélant un manque de soutien formel et systémique. Ces résultats soulignent la nécessité de considérer la résilience dans une perspective écologique et collective, et appellent à des transformations structurelles dans les pratiques professionnelles et organisationnelles.
Mots-clés :
- soins et services,
- minorités sexuelles et de genre,
- stress minoritaire,
- résilience,
- écosystémique
Abstract
While sexual and gender minorities (SGM) are overrepresented in certain health problems, they face persistent inequalities in access to health and social services, particularly in regional contexts. This study aims to identify stress and resilience factors experienced by SGM individuals in Estrie within health and social services, as well as in other spheres of their lives. It also seeks to understand how these factors take shape and interact within the social systems in which they emerge, and to explore the effects that these dynamics may have, as perceived by the individuals concerned, on their mental and physical health. Drawing on verbatim data from four focus groups (n = 19 sexual and/or gender minority participants), a thematic analysis was conducted using a deductive approach guided by two stages of coding: the first informed by the minority stress model, and the second by the ecosystemic model. The results highlight the presence of stressors across multiple systemic levels, particularly within the exosystem (services and institutions), where participants reported barriers to access, lack of recognition, and experiences of discrimination. These dynamics tend to generate internalized stress that may exacerbate existing inequalities. In contrast, the resilience factors identified were primarily situated within the microsystem, notably through individual strategies and community networks, revealing a lack of formal and systemic support. These findings underscore the need to consider resilience from an ecological and collective perspective and call for structural changes in professional and organizational practices.
Keywords:
- health and social services,
- sexual and gender minorities,
- minority stress,
- resilience,
- ecosystemic
Appendices
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