Abstracts
Résumé
L’objectif de cette étude était d’évaluer le potentiel du système de classification des milieux humides au Québec comme outil de conservation de la diversité floristique dans la région de Québec pour 4 classes de milieux humides : les bogs, les fens, les tourbières boisées et les marécages. Nous avons d’abord comparé la précision de l’approche de cartographie des classes de milieux humides par photo-interprétation à une approche terrain utilisant des variables écologiques clés. Ensuite, nous avons comparé les patrons de diversité 1) entre les 2 approches de cartographie des classes (photo-interprétation versus terrain) et 2) entre les 4 classes de milieux humides. Nous avons échantillonné la flore de 56 milieux humides situés dans le bassin versant de la rivière Saint-Charles. Au total, 19 de ces sites avaient été mal classés avec l’approche par photo-interprétation, lui conférant une précision de 66 %. Malgré ces disparités, les patrons de diversité variaient peu entre les 2 approches de cartographie des classes, mais d’importantes différences ont été observées entre les 4 classes de milieux humides, tout particulièrement entre les milieux ouverts (bogs et fens) et les milieux boisés (tourbières boisées et marécages). Toutefois, il demeurait difficile de distinguer les classes de milieux humides au sein d’une même structure (ouverts ou boisés), ce qui souligne la nécessité d’intégrer davantage de variables écologiques dans l’élaboration d’un système de classification plus optimal pour les milieux humides.
Mots-clés :
- bogs,
- diversité floristique,
- fens,
- marécages,
- tourbières
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of the wetland classification system used in the province of Québec (Canada) as a tool for conserving floristic diversity of 4 wetland classes – bogs, fens, wooded peatlands, and swamps – in the Québec region. First, we compared the accuracy of a wetland class mapping approach based on photo interpretation with a field-based approach that uses key ecological variables. Then, we compared diversity patterns between the 2 mapping approaches (photo interpretation versus field-based) and the 4 wetland classes. We sampled the flora of 56 wetlands located within the Saint-Charles River watershed. In total, 19 of these sites were misclassified by the photo-interpretation approach, giving it an accuracy of 66%. Despite these discrepancies, diversity patterns showed little variation between the 2 mapping approaches. However, significant differences were observed among the 4 wetland classes, particularly between open habitats (bogs and fens) and forested habitats (wooded peatlands and swamps). Nonetheless, distinguishing between wetland classes of the same structure (open or forested) remained challenging, highlighting the need to integrate additional ecological variables to produce a more optimal wetland classification system.
Keywords:
- bogs,
- fens,
- floristic diversity,
- swamps,
- wooded peatlands
Appendices
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