Abstracts
Résumé
Cet article explore comment le droit international traite les restes humains dans les conflits armés, montrant que la protection juridique des corps est au coeur de l’affirmation de la dignité post mortem. Si le droit international humanitaire impose des obligations quant au traitement respectueux des dépouilles, il demeure souvent fragile en pratique. Le droit pénal international prolonge ce cadre en considérant les corps comme victimes de violations post mortem ou comme preuves de l’intention dans les crimes les plus graves. Le droit international des droits de l’homme reconnaît la souffrance des proches survivants et leurs droits, contribuant ainsi à façonner une forme de statut juridique posthume. À la croisée de ces régimes, le corps des morts devient plus qu’un cadavre : il incarne une mémoire, une identité et une portée juridique.
Mots-clés :
- corps des morts,
- conflit armé,
- dignité,
- droit international humanitaire,
- droit international pénal,
- droit international des droits de l’homme,
- protection posthume
Abstract
This article explores how international law engages with human remains in armed conflict, showing that the legal protection of corpses is central to affirming dignity after death. While international humanitarian law provides basic obligations regarding the respectful treatment of corpses, it often proves structurally fragile in practice. International criminal law builds upon this framework by treating corpses either as direct victims of post-mortem violations or as evidentiary tools for establishing intent in grave crimes. Finally, international human rights law increasingly recognizes the suffering of surviving relatives and their rights, thereby shaping a form of posthumous legal subjectivity. Across these regimes, the corpse becomes more than a lifeless body: it is a bearer of memory, identity, and legal significance.
Keywords:
- corpses,
- armed conflict,
- dignity,
- international humanitarian law,
- international criminal law,
- international human rights,
- posthumous protection
Resumen
Este artículo explora cómo el derecho internacional trata los restos humanos en los conflictosarmados, demostrando que la protección jurídica de los cuerpos es fundamental para la afirmación de la dignidad post mortem. Si bien el derecho internacional humanitario impone obligaciones respecto al trato respetuoso de los restos, su aplicación suele ser frágil en la práctica. El derecho penal internacionalamplía este marco al considerar los cuerpos como víctimas de violaciones post mortem o como pruebasde intención en los crímenes más graves. Por su parte, el derecho internacional de los derechos humanosreconoce el sufrimiento de los familiares supervivientes y sus derechos, contribuyendo así a conformaruna suerte de estatuto jurídico póstumo. En la intersección de estos regímenes, el cuerpo de los muertosse convierte en algo más que un cadáver: encarna una memoria, una identidad y un alcance jurídico.
Palabras clave:
- cuerpo de los muertos,
- conflicto armado,
- dignidad,
- derecho internacional humanitario,
- derecho internacional penal,
- derecho internacional de los derechos humanos,
- protección póstuma
Appendices
Bibliographie
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