Abstracts
Abstract
This article empirically examines the WTO’s dispute settlement performance over the past decade. Dispute settlement is the most significant deliverable of WTO governance and embodies all that is both problematic and progressive about that international institution. The article analyzes a number of important and unforeseen institutional consequences of the shift from an informal GATT mechanism to the mandatory norms and processes of WTO litigation. The rise to prominence of antidumping trade remedy action, a retaliatory dynamic of dispute settlement and the continued dominance of developed countries at the Dispute Settlement Mechanism (DSM) has contributed greatly to the current negotiating deadlock.
Résumé
Cet article examine du point de vue empirique la façon dont l’Organisation Mondiale du Commerce (OMC) a géré les différends entre ses membres au cours de la dernière décennie. Un des éléments-clés de cette politique interne a été l’ « Organe de règlement des différends » (ORD) qui représente un des acquis réels de l’OMC dont les procédés restent en même temps largement déterminés par les pays développés. L’article en arrive à la conclusion que ce manque d’équilibre entre ces derniers d’une part et les pays en développement d’autre part est la raison principale de l’échec des négociations du cycle de Doha.
Zusammenfassung
Der Aufsatz stellt eine empirische Untersuchung der Streitschlichtungspraxis der WHO innerhalb der letzten zehn Jahre dar. Das Streitschlichtungsverfahren ist die bemerkenswerteste Leistung der WHO-Politik und erhellt zugleich den zukunftsweisenden wie den problematischen Aspekt dieser Institution. Der Artikel untersucht eine Reihe wichtiger, aber unvorhergesehener Konsequenzen des Übergangs von dem informellen GATT-Mechanismus zu dem förmlichen, prozedural geregelten Streitschlichtungsverfahren der WHO. Das Überhandnehmen von Antidumping-Verfahren, die Tendenz zu Vergeltungsstrategien sowie die anhaltende Dominanz der Industrieländer innerhalb der Streitschlichtungsverfahren haben entscheidend zur gegenwärtigen Blockierung der WHO beigetragen.
Appendices
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