Abstracts
Abstract
Background: Sexual assault evidence kits (SAEKs) are used to gather forensic evidence from survivors following sexual assault. This evidence collection coincides with comprehensive post-assault care and referrals to follow-up services. Many hospitals lack staff trained in SAEK use and sexual assault care, especially in rural areas. This study aimed to explore the barriers SAEK use in Northwestern Ontario.
Methods: Nine semi-structured interviews were conducted with healthcare providers to assess challenges facing access to sexual assault care in rural and Northwestern Ontario. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis.
Results: Three main themes were developed: 1) lack of training; 2) legal implications of the kit; 3) resource constraints. These themes invite discussion about the future of sexual assault care in rural emergency centers, specifically where it pertains to trauma informed care and forensic training, distance to care centers, hospital staffing and the medicolegal role of clinicians.
Conclusion: Sexual assault trauma hinders many survivors from seeking care, especially when care has been inadequate in the past. This research provides insights into rural health inequities in Northern and rural Canada, and thus lends insight into the gaps that exist within the juncture of health and justice systems.
Keywords:
- Rural Health,
- sexual assault,
- forensics,
- emergency care,
- care access,
- resources
Résumé
Introduction / Contexte : Les trousses médico-légales d’agression sexuelle (TMLAS) servent à recueillir des preuves médico-légales auprès des survivantes et survivants à la suite d’une agression sexuelle. Cette collecte est normalement intégrée à une prise en charge globale post-agression, incluant des soins médicaux, psychosociaux et des références vers des services de suivi. Toutefois, plusieurs établissements, notamment en région rurale, ne disposent pas de personnel infirmier formé à l’utilisation des TMLAS ni aux soins spécialisés en agression sexuelle. Cette étude visait à explorer les obstacles à l’utilisation des TMLAS dans le nord-ouest de l’Ontario.
Méthodologie : Neuf entrevues semi-dirigées ont été réalisées auprès de professionnel·le·s de la santé afin d’identifier les enjeux liés à l’accessibilité des soins en agression sexuelle en milieu rural et nordique. L’analyse des données s’est faite selon une approche thématique.
Résultats : Trois thèmes principaux ont émergé : 1) le manque de formation du personnel ; 2) les implications médico-légales associées à l’utilisation de la trousse ; 3) les contraintes liées aux ressources humaines et matérielles. Ces résultats soulèvent des enjeux importants concernant l’avenir des soins en agression sexuelle dans les urgences rurales, notamment en ce qui a trait à la formation en soins tenant compte des traumatismes, à l’accès à des services spécialisés, à la dotation en personnel et au rôle médico-légal des infirmières et des autres clinicien·ne·s.
Conclusion : Le traumatisme vécu lors d’une agression sexuelle peut freiner l’accès aux soins, particulièrement lorsque les services sont inadéquats ou peu accessibles. Cette recherche met en lumière des iniquités importantes dans les soins offerts aux victimes d’agressions sexuelles en région rurale et nordique, notamment en ce qui concerne l’accès aux TMLAS et au personnel infirmier formé (infirmières SANE), et souligne les lacunes à combler à l’interface des systèmes de santé et de justice.
Mots-clés :
- Santé en milieu rural,
- Agression sexuelle,
- Médecine légale,
- Soins d’urgence,
- Accès aux soins,
- Ressources
Appendices
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