Abstracts
Abstract
Background: Suicide remains a critical public health issue requiring approaches that move beyond staticmodels. Traditional frameworks often operate in isolation, limiting their relevance in high-intensity settings,such as emergency departments (EDs). There is a growing need for integrative models that reflect the fluid and complex nature of suicidality in acute care.
Objective: This narrative synthesis explores how diverse theoretical models can inform emergency nursing practice by framing suicidality as a dynamic and evolving process. The aim is to improve suicide risk assessment through an integrated, clinically relevant approach.
Methods: A narrative synthesis was conducted to examine empirical and conceptual models with demonstrated relevance to emergency mental health. Frameworks included the Suicidal Careers Model, Narrative-Crisis Model, attachment theory, developmental perspectives, gender-based frameworks, and Suicide Crisis Syndrome (SCS). These models were selected for their predictive value, clinical utility, and explanatory power.
Results: Suicidality emerges through the interaction of long-term vulnerabilities and acute crisis states. The integrated framework highlights the roles of insecure attachment, identity disruption, gender-based risk factors, and developmental stage. Special focus is placed on the experiences of gender-diverse individuals, who often fall outside traditional risk models.
Conclusion: A multidimensional, developmentally attuned framework enhances suicide risk detectionand intervention in emergency settings. By accounting for identity, relational context, and crisis dynamics, this approach supports more inclusive and effective prevention strategies in frontline care.
Keywords:
- suicice,
- emergency nursing,
- suicidal careers,
- narrative-crisis model,
- attachment styles,
- developmental stages,
- Canadian suicidology
Résumé
Contexte : Le suicide demeure un grave problème de santé publique qui exige des approches allant au-delà des modèles statiques. Les modèles traditionnels fonctionnent encore souvent de manière isolée, ce qui ne permet pas de les appliquer dans des environnements à forte intensité de soins comme les services d’urgences. Des modèles intégratifs reflétant la nature fluide et complexe de la suicidalité dans les services de soins aigus sont donc nécessaires.
Objectif : La présente synthèse narrative examine comment divers modèles théoriques peuvent éclairer la pratique des soins infirmiers d’urgence en concevant la suicidalité comme un processus dynamique et évolutif. L’objectif est d’améliorer l’évaluation du risque de suicide en adoptant une approche intégrée et pertinente sur le plan clinique.
Méthodes : Une synthèse narrative a été réalisée afin d’examiner les modèles empiriques et conceptuels ayant démontré leur pertinence pour la santé mentale en situation d’urgence. Les cadres théoriques comprenaient le modèle des trajectoires suicidaires, le modèle narratif de crise, la théorie de l’attachement, les perspectives de développement, les cadres relatifs au genre et le syndrome de crise suicidaire (SCS). Ces modèles ont été retenus en raison de leur valeur prédictive, de leur utilité clinique et de leur pouvoir explicatif.
Résultats : La suicidalité naît de l’interaction entre les vulnérabilités à long terme et les états de crise aigus. Le cadre intégré met en évidence les rôles de l’attachement insécurisant, des perturbations de l’identité, des facteurs de risque lié au sexe et du stade développemental. Une attention particulière est prêtée aux expériences des personnes de genre divers, qui échappent souvent aux modèles de risque traditionnels.
Conclusion : Un cadre pluridimensionnel et adapté au développement améliore la détection du risque de suicide et l’intervention dans les situations d’urgence. La prise en considération de l’identité, du contexte relationnel et de la dynamique de la crise permet de favoriser des stratégies de prévention plus inclusives et plus efficaces aux soins de première ligne.
Mots-clés :
- suicide,
- soins infirmiers d’urgence,
- trajectoires suicidaires,
- modèle narratif de crise,
- modes d’attachement,
- stades de développement,
- suicidologie canadienne
Appendices
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