Résumés
Abstract
Let us suppose that any media is the outsourcing of a mental function ; writing, then, is the outsourcing of working memory. For Dehaene and others, writing is a neural recycling by which populations specialized in form recognition are associated with sounds, thus forming a simple grapheme-phoneme association. Could there be other forms of writing then, or “neowriting”, and could they externalize other mental functions, such as say, episodic memory ? Here I propose a multiscale form of symbolic writing based on the method of loci, consisting of a loceme-noeme association endowed with a proto-grammar, which purpose is to externalize episodic memory, and allow for the mapping of noems onto space. I add that hyperwriting is not the only possible form of neowriting, thus posing the problem of the neuroergonomic optimality of existing media depending on their contents and cognitive purpose, and discuss its epistemological continuity with hypertext.
Keywords:
- neuroergonomics,
- writing,
- neural recycling,
- method of loci,
- episodic memory,
- mind maps,
- knowledge maps,
- hypertext
Résumé
Supposons que tout média soit l’externalisation d’une fonction mentale ; l’écriture, alors, externalise la mémoire de travail. Pour Dehaene et d’autres l’écriture est un recyclage neuronal par lequel des populations spécialisées dans la reconnaissance de forme sont associées à des sons, formant ainsi une association graphème-phonème simple. Pourrait-il y avoir d’autres formes d’écritures en ce cas, des “néoécritures” ou “écritures de novo”? et pourraient-elles externaliser d’autres fonctions mentales, par exemple la mémoire épisodique? Je propose ici une forme d’écriture symbolique multi-échelle basée sur la méthode des loci, consistant en une association locème-graphème dotée d’une proto-grammaire, dont l’objectif est d’externaliser la mémoire épisodique, et de permettre la représentation de noèmes dans l’espace. Ce prototype n’est pas la seule forme possible de néoécriture, ce qui pose le problème de l’optimalité neuroergonomique des média existants selon leur contenu et leur objectif cognitif, dont je discute la continuité épistémologique avec l’hypertexte.
Mots-clés :
- neuroergonomie,
- écriture,
- recyclage neuronal,
- méthode des loci,
- mémoire épisodique,
- cartes mentales,
- cartes de connaissance,
- hypertexte
Parties annexes
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