Résumés
Résumé
Parmi les nombreuses modifications apportées à la psychothérapie interpersonnelle (PTI) et à toutes ses applications, c’est son utilisation dans le traitement du traumatisme psychologique qui s’avère le plus complexe. La littérature anglo-américaine définit habituellement le traumatisme psychologique comme étant le trouble de stress post-traumatique (TSPT). Malgré l’attention portée au TSPT par la littérature scientifique, le traumatisme psychologique engendre des perturbations profondes de l’humeur, de la régulation de l’affect, du concept de soi et de l’ajustement interpersonnel, ainsi qu’une profonde crise existentielle dans la vie des personnes qui en sont affligées. Aucune thérapie psychologique ne peut donc prétendre « traiter » tous les aspects d’un stress psychologique traumatique. En étant axée sur l’individu et sur l’expérience de son monde interpersonnel, la PTI offre un cadre assez large pour une intervention psychologique qui, bien que destinée à soulager la détresse, aborde des questions qui ne le sont habituellement pas dans d’autres traitements axés sur les symptômes. Dans cet article, l’auteur tente de mettre en évidence les arguments en faveur du recours à la PTI pour le traitement de traumatismes psychologiques et de TSPT, puis il présentera quelques exemples de son utilité dans un environnement clinique.
Abstract
Amongst the many modifications and applications of Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT), its utilisation in the treatment of psychological trauma is amongst the most complex. Psychological trauma is usually defined as Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in the Anglo-American literature. Despite the focus of the scientific literature on PTSD, psychological trauma engenders profound disturbances of mood, affect regulation, self-concept, interpersonal adjustment and a profound existential crisis in the lives of those afflicted. In the light of this, no one psychological therapy is positioned to ‘treat’all aspects of psychological traumatic stress. Through its focus upon the individual and his or her experience of their interpersonal world, IPT provides scope for a psychological intervention which, whilst aiming at relief of distress, approaches issues not usually addressed in symptom focussed treatments. In this paper, I will attempt to outline the rationale for the use of IPT in psychological trauma and PTSD and then provide some evidence of its utility in the clinical setting.
Resumen
Entre las numerosas modificaciones aportadas a la psicoterapia interpersonal (PTI), y de todas sus aplicaciones, su utilización en el tratamiento del traumatismo psicológico resulta ser lo más complejo. La literatura angloamericana define habitualmente el traumatismo psicológico como el trastorno de estrés postraumático (TSPT). A pesar de la atención dedicada al TSPT por la literatura científica, el traumatismo psicológico engendra perturbaciones profundas del humor, de la regulación del afecto, del concepto de sí mismo y del ajuste interpersonal, así como una profunda crisis existencial en la vida de las personas que lo padecen. Ninguna terapia psicológica puede por tanto pretender “tratar” todos los aspectos de un estrés psicológico traumático. Al estar centrada en el individuo y en la experiencia de su mundo interpersonal, la PTI ofrece un marco suficientemente amplio para una intervención psicológica que, aunque destinada a aliviar la angustia, aborda las cuestiones que no son abordadas habitualmente en otros tratamientos centrados en los síntomas. En este artículo, el autor intenta poner en evidencia los argumentos en favor del recurso a la PTI para el tratamiento de traumatismos psicológicos y de TSPT. Además presenta algunos ejemplos de su utilidad en un ambiente clínico.
Resumo
Entre as inúmeras modificações aplicadas na psicoterapia interpessoal (TIP), e de todas as suas aplicações, é a sua utilização no tratamento do traumatismo psicológico a mais complexa. A literatura anglo-americana define normalmente o traumatismo psicológico como sendo o transtorno de estresse pós-traumático (TEPT). Apesar da atenção dada ao TEPT pela literatura científica, o transtorno psicológico leva a perturbações profundas do humor, da regulação do afeto, do conceito de si e do ajuste interpessoal, assim como uma profunda crise existencial na vida das pessoas que sofrem deste transtorno. Nenhuma terapia psicológica pode, então, pretender ‘tratar’ todos os aspectos de um estresse psicológico traumático. Estando baseada no indivíduo e na experiência de seu mundo interpessoal, a TIP oferece um quadro relativamente amplo para uma intervenção psicológica que, apesar de ser destinada a aliviar a depressão, aborda questões que não são normalmente abordadas em outros tratamentos baseados nos sintomas. Neste artigo, o autor tenta evidenciar os argumentos a favor do recurso à TIP para o tratamento de traumatismos psicológicos e de TEPT; e em seguida, ele apresenta alguns exemplos de sua utilidade em um ambiente clínico.
Parties annexes
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