Résumés
Résumé
Les activités sportives organisées représentent un contexte privilégié pour stimuler le développement positif (DP) des jeunes qui grandissent en milieu défavorisé. Cependant, les retombées positives de ces activités ne sont pas systématiques et dépendent notamment des actions et des paroles des entraîneurs qui les encadrent. On en sait peu sur la manière dont se manifestent concrètement ces pratiques. Cette étude qualitative menée auprès de 12 jeunes issus de milieux défavorisés (9 garçons; Mage = 14,08 ans) vise à répondre à deux questions : 1) Pour chacune des dimensions du DP, quelles sont les retombées des actions et des paroles des entraîneurs sportifs, telles que perçues par les jeunes? et (2) Quelles sont les actions et les paroles des entraîneurs sportifs qui, du point de vue des jeunes, engendrent ces retombées? Les résultats obtenus à partir d’analyses thématiques déductive et inductive suggèrent que les jeunes en milieu défavorisé sont tout à fait susceptibles de se développer positivement et sont en mesure de tirer profit des occasions qui leurs sont proposées, à condition que les entraîneurs valorisent l’école, offrent du soutien scolaire, fournissent des rétroactions constructives et agissent en tant que modèle positif. L’étude confirme également l’importance déjà connue des relations chaleureuses et de la prise en compte de l’opinion des jeunes. Cette étude contribue à approfondir les connaissances au sujet des actions et des paroles qui contribuent au développement positif des jeunes en milieu défavorisé.
Mots-clés :
- Adolescence,
- Développement Positif,
- Entraîneur,
- Coach,
- Actions,
- Paroles,
- Méthode qualitative
Abstract
Organized sports represents a privileged context for stimulating positive youth development (PYD) in adolescents from disadvantaged backgrounds. However, the positive effects of these activities are not systematic and depend on the actions and words of the coaches who supervise them. Little is known about how these practices manifest concretely, particularly among underprivileged youth. This qualitative study conducted with 12 adolescents from disadvantaged backgrounds (9 boys; Mage = 14.08 years) aims to answer two research questions: 1) For each of the dimensions of PYD, what are the repercussions of the actions and words of sports coaches, as perceived by underprivileged adolescents, and (2) What are the actions and words of sports coaches that, from the perspective of youths, generate these benefits. The results obtained from deductive and inductive thematic analyses suggest that adolescents from disadvantaged backgrounds are likely to develop positively and can take advantage of the opportunities provided. Results highlighted the importance of coaches valuing school, offering academic support, providing constructive feedback, and acting as a positive role model. The study also confirms the importance of warm relationships and consideration for youths’ opinions. Therefore, this study contributes to deepening knowledge about coaches’ actions and words fostering PYD in underprivileged adolescents.
Keywords:
- Adolescence,
- Positive youth development (PYD),
- Coach,
- Practices,
- Underprivileged,
- Qualitative methods
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Parties annexes
Remerciements
Nous tenons à remercier nos partenaires de l’organisme Pour 3 Points, les entraîneurs et les jeunes pour leur participation à cette étude. Merci aux auxiliaires de recherche Corinne Hébert, Sofiane Kankeu et Jessica Roy ainsi qu’à Johanne Thomson-Sweeny pour la coordination de ce projet. Enfin, un grand merci à Bana Helou pour sa collaboration à l’analyse des données.
Cette étude a été soutenue financièrement par le Conseil de recherches en sciences humaines du Canada (CRSH) ainsi que l’Institut universitaire jeunes en difficulté (IUJD).
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