Résumés
Abstract
In the light of a virtue-ethical turn in the ethics of public health, I discuss the call for solidarity in the pandemic. I develop a reading of Alasdair MacIntyre’s concept of Acknowledged Dependence to provide a basis for a virtue-ethical account of solidarity. Virtues enable correct responses to characteristic experiences of a human life. Solidarity and compassion correspond to the experience of mutual dependence in a way that is conducive to the common good. Compliance with precautions against the pandemic can be understood as exercises of uncalculating giving in the context of a community in which everyone owes this uncalculating giving to everyone else and, in this sense, acts of solidarity.
Parties annexes
Bibliography
- Bellazzi, F. and v. Boyneburgk, K. (2020). “COVID-19 Calls for Virtue Ethics”. Journal of Law and the Biosciences, vol. 7, no 1.
- Burnyeat, M. (1980). “Aristotle on Learning to Be Good”. In A. Oksenberg Rorty (ed.), Essays on Aristotle’s Ethics. Berkeley, Los Angeles, London, University of California Press, p. 69–92.
- del Castillo, F. (2021). “Virtues in Public Health: Easing the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic”. Journal of Public Health, vol. 43, no 2, p. 277–278.
- DuFord, N. R. (2022). Solidarity in Conflict. A Democratic Theory. Stanford, Stanford University Press.
- Fahlquist, J. (2019). “Public Health and the Virtues of Responsibility, Compassion and Humility”. Public Health Ethics, vol. 12, no 3, p. 213–224.
- Foot, P. (2001). Natural Goodness. Oxford, Oxford University Press.
- Frankfurt, H. (1998a). “Freedom of the Will and the Concept of a Person”. The Importance of What We Care About. Cambridge (UK), Cambridge University Press, p. 11–25.
- Frankfurt, H. (1998b). “The Importance of What We Care About”. The Importance of What We Care About. Cambridge (UK), Cambridge University Press, p. 80–95.
- Friedrich, A. (2020). “Addressing Complex Hospital Discharge by Cultivating the Virtues of Acknowledged Dependence”. Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics, no 41, p. 99–114.
- Galang, J. et al. (2021). “Solidarity as a Companion Virtue in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic”. Journal of Public Health, vol. 43, no 2, p. 315–316.
- Goodin, R. (1985). Protecting the Vulnerable. A Re-Analysis of Our Social Responsibilities. Chicago, University of Chicago Press.
- Hughes, J. (2020). What the Virtues Have to Offer in the Midst of COVID-19. Journal of Medical Ethics Blog. http://blogs.bmj.com/medical-ethics/2020/04/19/what-the-virtues-have-to-offer-in-the-midst-of-covid-19/.
- Hursthouse, R. (1999). On Virtue Ethics. New York, Oxford University Press.
- Lott, M. (2012). “Moral Virtue as Knowledge of Human Form”. Social Theory and Practice, vol. 38, no 3, p. 407–431.
- MacIntyre, A. (1981). “The Nature of the Virtues”. Hastings Center Report, vol. 11, no 2, p. 27-34.
- MacIntyre, A. (1999). Dependent Rational Animals. Why Human Beings Need the Virtues. Chicago and La Salle, Open Court.
- McDowell, J. (1998). “Virtue and Reason”. Mind, Value, and Reality. Cambridge (Mass.), Harvard University Press, p. 50–76.
- McPherson, D. (2020) Virtue and Meaning. A Neo-Aristotelian Perspective. Cambridge (UK), Cambridge University Press.
- Moulin-Stożek, D., Kurian, N., and Nikolova, A. (2022). “Virtue as a Response to Pandemic and Crisis”. Oxford Review of Education, vol. 48, no 3, p. 289-302.
- Nussbaum, M. (1988). “Non-Relative Virtues: An Aristotelian Approach”. Midwest Studies in Philosophy, Vol. XIII p. 32-53.
- Pan, J. et al. (2021). “Inward and Outward Effectiveness of Cloth Masks, a Surgical Mask, and a Faceshield”. Aerosol Science and Technology, vol. 55, no 6, p. 718–733.
- Papouli, E. (2018). “Aristotle’s Virtue Ethics as a Conceptual Framework for the Study and Practice of Social Work in Modern Times”. European Journal of Social Work, vol. 22, no 6, p. 921-934.
- Scanlon, T. (2002). “Reasons and Passions”. In: S. Buss and L. Overton (eds.), Contours of Agency. Essays on Themes from Harry Frankfurt. Cambridge (Mass.), MIT Press, p. 165–183.
- Thompson, M. (2004). “Apprehending Human Form”. Royal Institute of Philosophy Supplement, vol. 54, p. 47–74.
- Ueki, H. et al. (2020). “Effectiveness of Face Masks in Preventing Airborne Transmission of SARS-CoV-2.”, online, National Library of Medicine, DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00637-20.
- Welby, J. et al. (2021). “No-One is Safe Until Everyone is Safe – Why We Need a Global Response to COVID-19”. Online, Unicef, url: http://www.unicef.org/press-releases/no-one-safe-until-everyone-safe-why-we-need-global-response-covid-19.