Résumés
Résumé
Objectif : L’objectif de cette étude est d’évaluer si les stresseurs du conflit travail-famille modèrent l’association entre la parentalité et la consommation d’alcool parmi les adultes canadiens en emploi. Méthode : En s’appuyant sur le pendant canadien de l’étude GENACIS internationale (GENder Alcohol and Culture: an International Study), l’échantillon est composé de 3 403 femmes et 3 295 hommes en emploi, âgés de 18 à 55 ans et qui ont indiqué avoir consommé de l’alcool au moins une fois au cours des 12 mois précédant l’enquête. Des analyses de régression hiérarchique ont été effectuées afin de tester l’hypothèse de modération. Résultats : Les principales conclusions peuvent être résumées comme suit : i) le rôle parental est négativement associée à la consommation d’alcool ; ii) les stresseurs du conflit travail-famille ne sont pas associés à la consommation d’alcool chez les hommes et ils ne sont que marginalement associés à la consommation d’alcool chez les femmes ; iii) les stresseurs du conflit travail-famille ne modèrent pas l’association entre le rôle parental et la consommation d’alcool. Conclusion : Les futures recherches devraient porter sur les processus spécifiques selon lesquels la parentalité structure la consommation d’alcool. Il serait aussi pertinent de vérifier si l’effet du rôle parental sur la consommation d’alcool est plus marqué dans des contextes de consommation qui favorisent la consommation abusive d’alcool.
Mots-clés :
- consommation d’alcool,
- rôle parental,
- conflit de rôles,
- sexe,
- GENACIS,
- Canada
Abstract
Aim: The goal of this study is to assess whether between-role stressors moderate the association between parenthood and alcohol consumption among a Canadian population of adults workers. Method: Using the GENACIS Canada study (GENder Alcohol and Culture: an International Study), the analytical sample includes 6,689 current drinkers (3,403 women and 3,295 men) aged between 18 and 55 and whose daily occupation was “working for pay” at the time they were surveyed. Hierarchical regression analyses were performed to test a moderation hypothesis. Results: The main findings can be summarized as follows: i) parenthood is negatively associated to alcohol use; ii) between-role stressors are not associated to men’s alcohol use and marginally associated to women’s alcohol use; iii) between-role stressors do not moderate the association between the parental role and alcohol use. Conclusion : Future research may investigate the specific processes through which parenthood in itself structures alcohol use. It would also be worthwhile to verify whether the effect of parenthood on alcohol use is intensified within specific drinking contexts where heavy drinking is most likely to occur.
Keywords:
- alcohol consumption,
- parental role,
- role conflict,
- gender,
- GENACIS,
- Canada
Resumen
Objetivo: este estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar si los factores estresores del conflicto trabajo-familia moderan la asociación entre la parentalidad y el consumo de alcohol entre los adultos canadienses empleados. Método: basándose en el aspecto canadiense del estudio internacional GENACIS (GÉNero, alcohol y cultura: un estudio internacional), la muestra se compone de 3.403 mujeres y 3.295 hombres empleados cuyas edades se sitúan entre los 18 y los 55 años y que indicaron haber consumido alcohol por lo menos una vez durante los 12 meses que precedieron la encuesta. Se efectuaron análisis de regresión jerárquica para probar la hipótesis de la moderación. Resultados: las principales conclusiones pueden resumirse de la siguiente manera: 1) el rol parental está negativamente asociado con el consumo de alcohol; 2) los estresores del conflicto trabajo-familia no están relacionados con el consumo de alcohol entre los hombres y están sólo marginalmente vinculados con el consumo de alcohol entre las mujeres ; 3) los estresores del conflicto trabajo-familia no moderan la asociación entre el rol parental y el consumo de alcohol. Conclusión: las investigaciones futuras deberían tener como objetivo los procesos específicos según los cuales la parentalidad estructura el consumo de alcohol. Sería también pertinente verificar si el efecto del rol parental en el consumo de alcohol es más marcado en los contextos de consumo que favorecen el consumo abusivo de alcohol.
Palabras clave:
- consumo de alcohol,
- parentalidad,
- conflicto de roles,
- sexo,
- GENACIS,
- Canadá
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Parties annexes
Remerciements
Le financement de cette étude provient, en partie, d’une bourse à l’intention des candidats au doctorat affiliés au RISQ et d’une bourse à l’intention des candidats au doctorat affiliés à l’IRSPUM afin de leur permettre d’écrire des articles scientifiques. Cette étude a aussi bénéficié d’une subvention des Instituts de recherche en santé du Canada (IRSC) (Graham (PI) et Demers (Co-PI)). Nous remercions le personnel de l’Institute for Social Research de la York University et Jolicoeur pour leur soutien lors de la mise en oeuvre du sondage et, en particulier, David Northrup et Renée Elspett-Koeppen de l’ISR pour leur contribution à sa conception. Cette recherche a été effectuée dans le cadre du projet GENACIS, un projet multinational collaboratif dirigé par Sharon Wilsnack, affilié avec la Kettil Bruun Society for Social and Epidemiological Research on Alcool. Une version précédente de cet article a été présentée lors de la 35e conférence KBS annuelle qui s’est tenue à Copenhague, au Danemark, le 3 juin 2009.
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