Résumés
Résumé
Aucune étude, tant étatsunienne que canadienne, ne s’est penchée sur la dynamique des trajectoires de joueurs compulsifs, pathologiques ou excessifs. Cette étude comble cette lacune par l’utilisation de modèles linéaires hiérarchiques qui permettent de traiter simultanément les données dynamiques issues de calendriers rétrospectifs (l’effet des circonstances de vie conventionnelles et déviantes) et les caractéristiques personnelles, impulsivité, sexe, etc., de 100 joueurs excessifs recrutés au sein de ressources thérapeutiques de la grande région de Montréal. On s’intéresse particulièrement aux variations des sommes investies dans les jeux de hasard et d’argent. Une attention particulière est aussi portée aux mois où les joueurs cessent de participer aux jeux de hasard et d’argent et aux facteurs qui favorisent l’abstinence. Les résultats montrent que les circonstances de vie de ces joueurs ont un effet déterminant sur leur endettement et sur leurs épisodes d’abstinence. On constate notamment l’importance des circonstances déviantes (revenus criminels, prêts usuraires et consommation de stupéfiants).
Mots-clés :
- Jeu excessif,
- criminalité,
- circonstances de vie,
- déviance,
- modèles multiniveaux
Abstract
No study, American as well as Canadian, has examined the dynamics of change in compulsive, pathological or excessive gambler trajectories. This seeks to improve knowledge about excessive gamblers by analyzing within and between individual changes in 100 excessive gambler trajectories. Participants were recruited in therapeutic resources surrounding the city of Montreal. Monthly variations of monetary bets are analyzed, with special attention given to episodes of abstinence. The use of hierarchical linear models (HLM) allows to consider simultaneously contextual variables (the effect of conventional and deviant life circumstances), and personal characteristics (impulsiveness, gender, etc). Results show that life circumstances have an impact on the intensity of gambling and episodes of abstinence. More specifically, they highlight the importance of deviant life circumstances (criminal earnings, loan shark, alcohol and drug consumption) to understand major changes in gambling habits.
Keywords:
- Excessive gambling,
- crime,
- life circumstances,
- deviance,
- multilevel models
Resumen
No hay estudios, ni en Canadá ni en Estados Unidos, orientados al análisis de la dinámica de las trayectorias de los jugadores compulsivos, patológicos o excesivos. El presente texto busca llenar dicha laguna mediante la utilización de modelos lineales jerárquicos que permiten tratar de modo simultáneo datos dinámicos derivados de calendarios retrospectivos (el efecto de circunstancias de vida convencionales y desviantes) y características personales (impulsividad, sexo, etcétera) de 100 jugadores excesivos seleccionados de centros terapéuticos de Montreal, con interés particular en las variaciones en las sumas gastadas en juegos de azar y apuestas. Se presta también particular atención a los meses en que los jugadores dejan de participar en juegos y apuestas y a los factores que favorecen dicha abstinencia. Los resultados muestran que la circunstancias de vida de estos jugadores tienen un efecto determinante tanto en los episodios de abstinencia como en el endeudamiento. Importancia particular tienen las circunstancias desviantes (ingresos criminales, préstamos usurarios y consumo de estupefacientes).
Palabras clave:
- Juego excesivo,
- criminalidad,
- circunstancias de vida,
- desviación,
- modelos multiniveles
Parties annexes
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