Résumés
Résumé
Au cours des vingt dernières années, au Canada et aux États-Unis, la forte prévalence des troubles concomitants de santé mentale et de toxicomanie a suscité un intérêt accru, tout spécialement à l’égard des traitements. Les réseaux de services en toxicomanie et en santé mentale s’étant développés en parallèle, la manière d’intégrer les traitements représente un enjeu incontournable des meilleures pratiques d’intervention. Comme ces pratiques ont surtout été développées pour les clientèles qui souffrent de troubles graves et persistants de santé mentale, qui sont les moins aptes à négocier les services qu’elles requièrent, le modèle d’intégration des services dispensés par une seule équipe s’est imposé. En ce qui a trait aux autres clientèles, la pertinence de ce modèle mérite toutefois d’être questionnée. Dans les domaines du traitement et de la prévention, les études indiquent que les interventions les plus efficaces sont celles qui impliquent plusieurs milieux. Dans ce contexte, il est proposé de poursuivre la recherche en examinant l’arrimage possible de l’expertise développée sur le plan des traitements à celle du domaine de la prévention, tout spécialement pour les clientèles à risque, afin de développer des approches plus efficientes.
Mots-clés:
- Troubles concomitants,
- données probantes,
- traitement,
- prévention
Abstract
Over the last 20 years in North America, the prevalence of comorbid mental health and drug addiction problems has aroused increasing interest, especially with regards to treatment. As the networks of drug addiction and mental health services have developed in parallel, service integration represents an important issue in the best practices of co-occuring disorders treatment. Since treatment programs have been developed particularly for patients suffering from severe and persistent mental health disorders, who are least able to negotiate the services they require, it is the “one provider” model of service integration that has been adopted. The relevance of this model does not necessarily apply to other clienteles, however. In the domain of treatment, as in prevention, current research indicates that multi-dimensional intervention is the most effective. In this context, it is suggested to pursue research which examines the possible range of expertise developed at the treatment level and to explore the possible links with prevention programs, especially for clients at risk, in order to develop more effective approaches.
Keywords:
- Co-occuring disorders,
- evidence-based practices,
- treatment,
- prevention
Resumen
En los últimos veinte años, en Canadá y Estados Unidos, la enorme prevalencia de trastornos relacionados a la vez con la salud mental y la toxicomanía ha suscitado un interés creciente, en particular respecto a los tratamientos. Al haberse desarrollado en forma paralela los circuitos de servicios para atender la toxicomanía y la salud mental, la manera de integrar los tratamientos representa una cuestión importante en las prácticas óptimas de intervención. Como dichas prácticas han sido desarrolladas sobre todo para clientelas que padecen trastornos graves y persistentes de salud mental, que son las menos aptas para negociar los servicios que requieren, se ha impuesto el modelo de integración de servicios dispensados por un solo equipo. La pertinencia de ese modelo en lo que respecta a otras clientelas, sin embargo, amerita ser cuestionada. Tanto en el área de la intervención como en el de la prevención, los estudios indican que las intervenciones que integran varios medios son las más eficaces. En ese contexto, se propone continuar la investigación analizando un posible acercamiento de la experiencia desarrollada en el plano de los tratamientos y la del área de prevención, destinada especialmente a las clientelas a riesgo, con el fin de desarrollar orientaciones más eficientes.
Palabras clave:
- Trastornos concomitantes,
- prácticas basadas en la evidencia,
- tratamiento,
- prevención
Parties annexes
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