Abstracts
Résumé
Les impacts du changement climatique dans l’espace périurbain de la ville de Ziguinchor sont multiformes. Ils s’aperçoivent aussi bien sur l’environnement biophysique que sur la santé des populations. Pour analyser ces impacts, nous avons réalisé, en 2011, une enquête quantitative auprès de 130 ménages, répartis dans 13 quartiers de l’espace périurbain de la ville de Ziguinchor (Sénégal). Les résultats de l’enquête montrent que les impacts les plus manifestes, observés par les populations, sont la baisse de la pluviométrie, les inondations pendant les saisons des pluies, la salinisation des terres, l’augmentation de la température, la recrudescence de la morbidité palustre, des infections respiratoires aigues (IRA), de l’hypertension artérielle (HTA) et des maladies diarrhéiques. Toutefois, les impacts varient selon la proximité des quartiers au fleuve Casamance. Les impacts du changement climatique et les stratégies d’adaptation sont aussi différemment appréciés par les ethnies (Mandingue, Diola, Wolof, Sérère…) de ces deux types de quartiers. Ces tendances trouvent leur explication dans une socialisation différenciée de l’espace périurbain de la ville de Ziguinchor.
Mots-clés :
- ethnies,
- changement climatique,
- impacts,
- adaptation,
- périurbain,
- Sénégal,
- Afrique
Abstract
The impacts of climate change in the periurban area of Ziguinchor are multiform and they affect the environment and public health. For this study, conducted in 2011, we realize a quantitative investigation of 130 households, divided in 13 districts in the periurban area of Ziguinchor. The results show that the most evident impacts, observed by citizens, the decrease of rainfall, the floods during rainy seasons, the soil salinization, the increase in the temperature, the increase of malaria-related morbidity, acute respiratory infections (IRA), arterial hypertension (HTA) and diarrheal diseases. However, the impacts vary according to the proximity of the districts to the Casamance river. Also, our results show that the impacts of climate change and adaptative strategies used are differently appreciated by ethnic groups (Mandingue, Diola, Wolof, Serere…) of these two types of districts. This could be explained by a differentiated socialization in the periurbain area of Ziguinchor.
Keywords:
- ethnic,
- climate change,
- impacts,
- periurban,
- Senegal,
- Africa
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Appendices
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