Abstracts
Résumé
Objectif Plusieurs facteurs peuvent contribuer au rétablissement des personnes vivant avec une schizophrénie. Selon des usagers de services vivant avec une schizophrénie, la spiritualité serait un élément important dans leur cheminement clinique. En effet, la spiritualité pourrait agir comme mécanisme de coping pour faire face à un stress psychologique. L’objectif de cette étude exploratoire était d’examiner la relation entre la spiritualité et le cortisol, un biomarqueur de stress, chez les personnes vivant avec une schizophrénie en comparaison avec la population générale.
Méthode Les participants provenaient du Projet Signature de l’Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Montréal (IUSMM). L’échantillon était composé de 94 personnes vivant avec une schizophrénie et 95 participants contrôle. Des régressions linéaires ont été effectuées pour examiner l’association entre la spiritualité et le cortisol.
Résultats Les personnes ayant une schizophrénie accordaient plus d’importance à la spiritualité que les participants contrôle, avec un effet de moyenne à grande taille. La spiritualité était plus importante pour les femmes que pour les hommes, et ce, peu importe le groupe. Aucune différence significative n’a été notée pour les concentrations de cortisol. Enfin, la spiritualité n’avait pas d’effet sur les niveaux de cortisol chez les 2 groupes. Des analyses bayésiennes ont montré que l’absence d’effet était réelle et n’était pas due à un manque de puissance statistique.
Conclusion Cette présente étude démontre la pertinence et l’importance clinique d’intégrer la perspective des usagers en santé mentale en confirmant que les personnes ayant une schizophrénie accordent une grande importance à la spiritualité. De plus, les résultats de l’étude suggèrent que le rôle joué par la spiritualité dans le rétablissement des personnes ayant une schizophrénie ne repose pas sur un mécanisme physiologique. Il serait donc pertinent d’explorer la spiritualité en lien avec d’autres dimensions du rétablissement, telles que les aspects psychologiques, sociaux ou cognitifs. Une meilleure compréhension du rôle de la spiritualité dans le rétablissement des personnes ayant une schizophrénie permettrait de mieux comprendre comment la mobiliser pour accompagner les usagers dans leur cheminement clinique.
Mots-clés :
- spiritualité,
- schizophrénie,
- cortisol,
- rétablissement,
- santé mentale
Abstract
Objective Several factors can contribute to the recovery of people living with schizophrenia. According to service users living with schizophrenia, spirituality would be an important element in their recovery journey. Spirituality could serve as a coping mechanism to manage psychological stress. The objective of this exploratory study was to examine the relationship between spirituality and cortisol, a stress biomarker, among people living with schizophrenia compared to the general population.
Method Participants were drawn from the Signature Project of the Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Montréal (IUSMM). The sample included 94 people living with schizophrenia and 95 control participants. Linear regressions were performed to examine the association between spirituality and cortisol.
Results Individuals with schizophrenia accorded greater importance to spirituality than control participants, with a medium to large effect size. Spirituality was more important for women than men, regardless of the group. No significant differences were observed in cortisol concentrations. Lastly, spirituality had no effect on cortisol levels in either group. Bayesian analyses confirmed that the absence of effect was real and not due to a lack of statistical power.
Conclusion This study highlights the clinical relevance and importance of integrating the perspective of those directly involved by confirming that people living with schizophrenia place great importance on spirituality. Furthermore, the findings suggest that the role played by spirituality in the recovery of people living with schizophrenia does not rely on a physiological mechanism. Therefore, it would be pertinent to explore the relationship between spirituality and other dimensions of recovery, such as psychological, social or cognitive aspects. A better understanding of the role of spirituality in the recovery of people living with schizophrenia would provide a better comprehension of how to mobilize it to support service users in their ongoing journey.
Keywords:
- spirituality,
- schizophrenia,
- cortisol,
- recovery,
- mental health
Appendices
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