Abstracts
Résumé
Problématique Au-delà de l’approche catégorielle classique des troubles des conduites alimentaires, de récents articles scientifiques, catalysés par le contexte pandémique, démontrent l’importance de considérer l’approche alternative des attitudes et comportements alimentaires dysfonctionnels induits par les perceptions négatives du soi physique afin de considérer l’ensemble de la population générale et clinique. Dans ce contexte, les interventions ciblant le contact avec la nature montrent des effets positifs et prometteurs sur les perceptions du soi physique, comme l’apparence physique perçue.
Objectif Cette revue narrative a pour objectif de recenser les écrits relatifs aux effets du contact avec la nature sur les perceptions du soi physique et plus précisément sur l’apparence physique perçue auprès d’une population présentant des attitudes et comportements alimentaires dysfonctionnels.
Méthodes Une recherche approfondie de la littérature scientifique a été conduite entre août 2022 et septembre 2023 avec une mise à jour en décembre 2023 sur les principales bases de données du domaine de recherche.
Résultats Cinq articles ont été sélectionnés pour la revue narrative. Tous démontrent les effets positifs du contact avec la nature sur les perceptions du soi physique chez les individus qui présentent des attitudes et comportements alimentaires dysfonctionnels. Ces effets peuvent être classés en 2 catégories, à savoir les voies directes et indirectes (médiées). Ce résultat est cohérent avec la littérature actuelle sur les populations non cliniques.
Discussion et conclusion Certains articles de la revue ont mis en évidence d’autres implications à prendre en compte dans la relation entre la nature et les perceptions du soi physique des personnes ayant des attitudes et comportements alimentaires dysfonctionnels. Ces articles, qui sont cohérents avec la littérature existante, illustrent le caractère multidimensionnel du modèle des perceptions du soi physique et montrent comment le fait de se reconnecter à la fonctionnalité de son corps peut avoir un impact sur l’apparence physique perçue. De plus, d’autres articles ont démontré le potentiel du support de la nature dans une logique interventionnelle et de reconnexion à soi, aux autres et à la nature. Néanmoins, le nombre limité d’articles indique qu’il est nécessaire de mener d’autres études dans ce domaine de recherche. D’autres recherches devraient être menées pour évaluer l’impact réel du contact avec la nature sur l’apparence physique perçue et plus largement sur les perceptions du soi physique de personnes vivant avec des attitudes et comportements alimentaires dysfonctionnels, et pour comprendre comment cet impact fonctionne.
Mots-clés :
- milieu naturel,
- image du corps,
- trouble des conduites alimentaires,
- environnement,
- santé publique
Abstract
Context Beyond the classic categorical approach to eating disorders, recent scientific articles, catalysed by the pandemic context, demonstrate the importance of considering the alternative approach of dysfunctional eating attitudes and behaviors induced by negative physical self-perceptions in order to consider the general and clinical population as a whole. In this context, interventions targeting contact with nature show positive and promising effects on physical self-perceptions, such as perceived physical appearance.
Objectives The objective of this narrative review is to identify the literature pertaining to the effects of contact with nature on physical self-perceptions and, more specifically, on perceived physical appearance in a population with dysfunctional eating attitudes and behaviors.
Method A comprehensive search of the scientific literature was conducted between August 2022 and September 2023, with an update in December 2023 on the principal databases in the research field.
Results Five articles were selected for the narrative review. All of them demonstrate the positive effects of contact with nature on physical self-perceptions in individuals who exhibit dysfunctional eating attitudes and behaviors. These effects can be classified into two categories, namely direct and indirect (mediated) pathways. This finding is consistent with the current literature on non-clinical populations.
Discussion and Conclusion Some articles in the review highlighted further implications to be considered in the relationship between nature and physical self-perceptions of individuals with dysfunctional eating attitudes and behaviors. These articles, which are consistent with the existing literature, illustrate the multi-dimensionality of the model of physical self-perceptions and show how reconnecting to one’s body functionality can impact perceived physical appearance. Moreover, other articles have demonstrated the potential of nature as a medium for interventional logic and for reconnecting with the self, with others, and with nature. Nevertheless, the limited number of articles indicates a need for further studies in this area of research. Further research should be conducted to assess the actual impact of contact with nature on perceived physical appearance and more broadly on physical self-perceptions of individuals with dysfunctional eating attitudes and behaviors, and to understand how this impact works.
Keywords:
- environment,
- body image,
- eating disorders,
- perception,
- environment and public health
Appendices
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