Abstracts
Résumé
Objectifs L’objectif de cette étude vise à concevoir le modèle logique et le contenu de l’intervention Borderline Intervention for Work Integration (BIWI).
Méthode La conception du modèle logique de BIWI s’est fondée sur les recommandations de Chen (2015) pour établir le modèle de changement et le modèle d’action. Pour ce faire, des entretiens individuels avec 4 femmes ayant un trouble de personnalité limite (TPL) et des groupes de discussion focalisés avec des ergothérapeutes et des intervenants affiliés à des organismes en employabilité, provenant de 3 régions québécoises (n = 16), ont été menés. Les entretiens de groupe et individuels comprenaient d’abord une présentation des données issues d’études dans le domaine. Par la suite, une discussion portait sur les défis des personnes avec un TPL en lien avec leur participation au travail, ainsi que les composantes essentielles à inclure dans une intervention idéale. Une analyse de contenu a été réalisée à partir des transcriptions des entretiens. Les composantes des modèles de changement et d’action ont été validées par ces mêmes participants.
Résultats Le modèle de changement de l’intervention BIWI cible 6 thèmes, sur lesquels il semble opportun de s’attarder pour une population présentant un TPL en processus de réinsertion au travail : 1) le sens accordé au travail ; 2) la connaissance de soi et le sentiment de compétence comme travailleur ; 3) la gestion de facteurs internes et externes qui affectent la charge mentale ; 4) les relations interpersonnelles dans le contexte du travail ; 5) la divulgation du trouble mental ; 6) une routine plus satisfaisante à l’extérieur du travail. En ce qui concerne le modèle d’action, l’intervention BIWI est déployée en collaboration avec des professionnels de la santé et des intervenants d’organismes en employabilité. Elle combine des rencontres de groupe (n = 10) et individuelles (n = 2), en mode présentiel et en ligne. Les cibles de changement priorisées sont de réduire le nombre d’obstacles perçus en lien avec la réinsertion au travail et améliorer la mobilisation vers un projet de réinsertion en emploi durable.
Conclusion La participation au travail est une dimension essentielle à inclure dans les interventions destinées aux personnes avec un TPL. Grâce à un modèle logique, il a été possible de dégager les composantes clés à considérer dans le cadre d’une telle intervention. Ces composantes sont relatives à des enjeux centraux chez cette clientèle tels que : la représentation du travail, la connaissance de soi comme travailleur, le maintien du rendement et du bien-être au travail, les relations avec le collectif de travail, ainsi que le travail dans un mode de vie. Ces composantes sont maintenant incluses dans l’intervention BIWI. La prochaine étape sera de tester cette intervention auprès de personnes avec un TPL sans emploi, prêtes à retourner sur le marché du travail.
Mots-clés :
- trouble de personnalité limite,
- réinsertion au travail,
- réadaptation au travail,
- modèle logique
Abstract
Objectives The objective of this study is to develop the logic model and the content of the Borderline Intervention for Work Integration (BIWI).
Methods The creation of BIWI was based on Chen’s (2015) recommendations for establishing the change model and the action model. Individual interviews with four women with a borderline personality disorder (BPD) and focused groups with occupational therapists and service providers in community organizations from three Quebec regions (n=16) were conducted. The group and individual interviews began with a presentation of data from studies in the field. This was followed by a discussion of the challenges of people with BPD in relation to job choice, performance, tenure, and the essential components to be included in an ideal intervention. Transcripts of the individual and group interviews were examined using content analysis. The components of the change and action models were validated by these same participants.
Results The change model of the BIWI intervention addresses six themes, which seem appropriate to focus on for a population with BPD in the process of reintegration into the workplace: 1) meaning given to work; 2) self-awareness and sense of competence as a worker; 3) management of internal and external factors that affect mental workload; 4) interpersonal relationships in the work context; 5) disclosure of the mental disorder in the work context; and 6) more satisfying routines outside of work. The action model of BIWI reveals that this intervention is deployed in collaboration with health professionals from the public and private sectors and service providers from community or government agencies. It combines group (n=10 sessions) and individual meetings (n=2), in face-to-face and online modes. The prioritized outcomes are to reduce the number of perceived barriers to work reintegration and to improve mobilization towards a sustainable employment reintegration project.
Conclusion Work participation is a pivotal target in the interventions for people with BPD. With the support of a logic model, it was possible to identify the key components to be considered in the schema of such an intervention. These components relate to central issues for this clientele, such as: their representations of work, self-knowledge as a worker, maintenance of performance and well-being at work, relations with the work group and external partners, and work embedded in one’s occupational repertoire. These components are now included in the BIWI intervention. The next step will be to test this intervention with unemployed persons with BPD who are motivated to reintegrate the workforce.
Keywords:
- borderline personality disorder,
- work reintegration,
- work rehabilitation,
- logic model
Appendices
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