Abstracts
Résumé
Cet article présente différentes notions d’entreprises sociales (ES) en soulignant le besoin aigu de renforcement des capacités dans la sphère politique où, jusqu’à présent, seules la microfinance et les coopératives agricoles ont reçu un soutien législatif de la part du gouvernement royal du Cambodge. Les problèmes essentiels au Cambodge sont la densité des organisations non gouvernementales dont sont issues la majorité des ES et les modifications des modalités de l’aide internationale. Les variables principales pour distinguer les ES au Cambodge prennent en compte leur enregistrement effectif comme entreprise et leur gouvernance. L’article fait écho à un travail sur la typologie des ES en Asie de l’Est, qu’il amène à se confronter aux réalités différentes de l’Asie du Sud-Est.
Abstract
This article presents different notions of social enterprise (SE) and underlines the acute need for capacity-building in the policy sphere where so far only microfinance and agricultural cooperatives have been supported by legislation from the Royal Government of Cambodia. Critical issues in Cambodia are the density of NGOs, which is where the majority of social enterprises come from, and changes to international aid arrangements. Key variables that distinguish SEs in Cambodia are whether they are registered as businesses and their governance. The article also highlights work on the typology of SEs in the East Asian region and differences with Southeast Asia.
Resumen
Este articulo presenta distintas nociones de empresas sociales (ES) destacando la necesidad aguda de fortalecimiento de las capacidades en la esfera política donde hasta ahora solo las micro finanzas y las cooperativas agrícolas han recibido un apoyo legislativo de parte del gobierno real del Camboya. Los problemas centrales en Camboya son la densidad de las organizaciones no gubernamentales de las que proceden principalmente las ES y los cambios de las modalidades de la ayuda internacional. Las principales variables para distinguir las ES en Camboya toman en cuenta su inscripción efectiva como empresa y su gobernanza. El artículo hace eco de una investigación sobre la tipología de las ES en Asia oriental, que esta así fomentada a confrontarse con las realidades diferentes en Asia del Sur-Este.
Appendices
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