Abstracts
Résumé
Cette note de recherche propose d’identifier des éléments-clés de la situation sociale des Kanaka Maoli, les autochtones de Hawai’i. Elle est le fruit d’un séjour de quatre mois au cours duquel furent réalisés un repérage et une recension de travaux récents, des entretiens, de l’observation et de nombreuses discussions avec des collègues. L’auteur met en évidence la marginalisation autochtone et certains de ses mécanismes et racines historiques, et il relate de remarquables accomplissements réalisés au cours des récentes décennies comme démonstration de la légitimité et de l’efficacité du savoir vernaculaire, et sa projection dans le monde contemporain. Il suggère enfin que la résurgence comporte des atouts pour renverser la marginalité non seulement des Kanaka, mais des peuples autochtones.
Mots-clés :
- Kanaka Maoli,
- Hawai’i,
- condition autochtone,
- marginalisation,
- oralité,
- résurgence
Abstract
This research note proposes to identify key elements of the social situation of the Kanaka Maoli, the Indigenous people of Hawaii. It is the initial result of a four-month stay in Hawaii, during which time recent work, interviews, observation and numerous discussions with colleagues were undertaken. The author highlights Indigenous marginalization and some of its historical mechanisms and roots, and recounts remarkable achievements in recent decades as a demonstration of the legitimacy and effectiveness of vernacular knowledge and its projection in the contemporary world. Finally, it suggests that the resurgence has the potential to reverse the marginalization not only of the Kanaka, but of Indigenous peoples.
Keywords:
- Kanaka Maoli,
- Hawai’i,
- Indigenous condition,
- marginalization,
- orality,
- resurgence
Resumen
Esta nota de investigación se propone identificar los elementos clave de la situación social de los Kanaka Maoli, el pueblo indígena de Hawái. Es el resultado inicial de una estancia de cuatro meses durante la cual se llevaron a cabo una localización y una revisión de trabajos recientes, entrevistas, observación y numerosas conversaciones con colegas. El autor pone de relieve la marginación indígena y algunos de sus mecanismos y raíces históricas, y relata los notables logros alcanzados en los últimos decenios como demostración de la legitimidad y eficacia del conocimiento vernáculo y su proyección en el mundo contemporáneo. Por último, el autor sugiere que el resurgimiento tiene el potencial de revertir la marginalidad no sólo de los Kanaka, sino también de los pueblos indígenas.
Palabras clave:
- Kanaka Maoli,
- Hawái,
- condición indígena,
- marginación,
- oralidad,
- resurgimiento
Appendices
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