Abstracts
Résumé
Cette étude transversale vise à déterminer la force d’association entre cinq catégories de syndromes du DSM-5 et les idées suicidaires en fonction de l’âge et du sexe. Quatre cent soixante-quatre jeunes âgés de 12 à 15 ans en contexte scolaire (237 filles; 227 garçons) et 141 adolescents en milieu clinique (62 filles et 79 garçons) de Montréal participent à l’étude. Chaque adolescent complète le Dominique Interactif pour Adolescents, un instrument d’évaluation de la santé mentale. En contexte scolaire, 8,6 % des adolescents présentent des idées suicidaires et 37,6 % en milieu clinique. Les résultats indiquent une forte association entre les idées suicidaires et la dépression dans les deux échantillons, indépendamment de l’âge et du sexe. Dans l’échantillon scolaire, les adolescents déprimés et les jeunes âgés de 14 et 15 ans sont plus susceptibles de présenter des idées suicidaires. De plus, les garçons avec des comportements perturbateurs et les filles présentant des symptômes de TDAH ont plus de possibilité d’avoir des idées suicidaires. Dans l’échantillon clinique, les syndromes associés aux idées suicidaires sont la dépression et la consommation de substances. La présence de dépression représente un facteur de vulnérabilité important, tant chez les filles que chez les garçons indépendamment de l’échantillon scolaire ou clinique. De plus, la présence de l’une ou l’autre des cinq catégories de syndromes psychiatriques, telle que nous l’avons évaluée, augmente le risque de présenter des idées suicidaires chez les adolescents. Les résultats de cette étude appuient la pertinence d’une identification précoce des syndromes du DSM-5 et l’importance du dépistage précoce chez les jeunes du secondaire.
Mots-clés :
- Adolescents,
- idées suicidaires,
- troubles mentaux,
- âge,
- sexe
Abstract
This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the strength of association between five categories of syndromes of the DSM-5 and suicidal ideation according to age and sex. From Montreal area, 464 youth aged from 12 to 15 years were met in school setting (237 girls, 227 boys) and 141 adolescents were met in clinical setting (62 girls and 79 boys). Each teenager complete the Dominic Adolescent, a self-report measure to conveniently and quickly garner DSM-5 diagnostic-approximates about frequent mental health problems. Suicidal ideations were found in 8.6% of adolescents in school context and 37.6% in the clinical setting. Results show a strong association between suicide and depression in both samples, regardless of age and gender. In the school sample, depressed adolescents and youth aged 14 and 15 years are more likely to have suicidal thoughts. Moreover, boys with disruptive behaviors and girls with ADHD symptoms have more possibility of having suicidal thoughts. In clinical setting, depression syndrome and substance use are associated to suicidal thoughts. Depression is an important vulnerability factor for both girls and boys regardless of school or clinical sample. The presence of one of those five categories of psychiatric syndromes increases the risk for suicide thoughts in adolescents aged between 12 and 15 years old. Results from this study support the relevance of early identification of DSM-5 syndromes and the importance of early screening among high school students.
Keywords:
- Adolescents,
- suicidal ideation,
- mental health,
- age,
- gender
Appendices
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