Abstracts
Résumé
Dans un contexte de mondialisation, plusieurs penseurs ont cru nécessaire de repenser nos pratiques morales, tant chez les individus que chez les groupes. On défend alors l’idée d’une morale qui s’étendrait par-delà la nation, de même que l’illégitimité de toute division de l’espace moral en « communautés morales ». Selon l’auteur, une moralité transnationale n’implique cependant pas forcément la dissolution des espaces moraux que sont les nations. Afin d’explorer cette problématique, les pensées de Peter Singer, de Robert Goodin et de Thomas Pogge sur cette question seront analysées et confrontées l’une à l’autre. Une approche contextualiste sera privilégiée, qui conclura à un devoir cosmopolite de faire respecter les devoirs nationaux.
Abstract
In a context of globalization, many — individuals and groups alike — have thought it necessary to rethink our ethical practices. In this context, what is defended is the idea of an ethical openness that extends beyond our nation as well as the illegitimacy of any division of moral space into moral communities. However, according to the author, a transnational morality does not necessarily imply that moral spaces (i.e. nations) must be dissolved. In order to explore these issues, the positions of Peter Singer, Robert Goodin and Thomas Pogge will be analyzed and compared. A contextualist approach will be favored, which will lead to the idea of a cosmopolitan duty to enforce national duties.
Appendices
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