Abstracts
Résumé
L’Échelle de mesure de la force de motivation pour les études médicales (version française de Strength of Motivation for Medical Studies [SMMS]) comporte 16 items et sa version abrégée, 15 items (SMMS-R). Elles ont toutes deux fait l’objet d’analyses structurales aux Pays-Bas et en France. Toutefois, ces précédents travaux présentaient plusieurs fragilités méthodologiques. Menée auprès de 410 étudiants de seconde et troisième années de formation médicale, cette étude, appuyée sur une méthodologie rigoureuse, concerne les propriétés structurales de l’échelle, une mesure d’invariance et la recherche de différences liées au genre. Une matrice de corrélation polychorique a été exploitée pour des analyses factorielles exploratoires et confirmatoires en utilisant comme estimateur la méthode des moindres carrés pondérés avec un ajustement sur la moyenne et la variance. La mesure d’invariance a été conduite par une analyse factorielle confirmatoire multigroupe. Les différences liées au genre ont été explorées statistiquement. Les résultats valident un nouveau modèle structural à trois facteurs (acceptation de sacrifices, opiniâtreté, capacité d’engagement) pour la version française de l’échelle. La mesure d’invariance montre que l’interaction item/facteur n’est pas influencée par le genre. Enfin, l’analyse révèle que la force de motivation est pareillement exprimée par les étudiantes et les étudiants.
Mots-clés :
- analyse factorielle confirmatoire multigroupe,
- études de médecine,
- genre,
- motivation,
- SMMS
Abstract
The Échelle de mesure de la force de motivation pour les études médicales (French version of Strength of Motivation for Medical Studies [SMMS]) includes 16 items, and its short version, 15 items (SMMS-R). Both versions have been the subject of structural analyses in Netherlands and France. However, these previous works presented several methodological weaknesses. This study has involved 410 second- and third-year medical students. Based on a rigorous methodology, it concerns the structural properties of the scale, measurement invariance and gender differences. A polychoric correlation matrix were submitted to exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses using mean and variance adjusted diagonally weighted least squares method for estimation. Measurement invariance was carried out by multi-group confirmatory factor analysis. Gender differences were explored statistically. The results validate a new three-factor structural model (acceptance of sacrifices, tenacity, commitment) for the French version of the scale. Measurement invariance testing shows that the item/factor interaction is not influenced by gender. Finally, data analysis strengthens that the motivational force is similarly expressed by female and male students.
Keywords:
- multi-group confirmatory factor analysis,
- medical studies,
- gender,
- motivation,
- SMMS
Resumo
A Escala de medição da força de motivação para os estudos médicos (versão francesa da Strength of Motivation for Medical Studies (SMMS)) tem 16 itens e a sua versão abreviada 15 itens (SMMS-R). Ambas foram objeto de análises estruturais na Holanda e em França. No entanto, estes trabalhos anteriores apresentaram várias fragilidades metodológicas. Realizado junto de 410 estudantes de medicina do segundo e do terceiro anos, este estudo, apoiado numa metodologia rigorosa, diz respeito às propriedades estruturais da escala, uma medida de invariância e a busca de diferenças ligadas ao género. Uma matriz de correlação policórica foi explorada para análises fatoriais exploratórias e confirmatórias, usando como estimador o método dos mínimos quadrados ponderados com um ajuste sobre a média e a variância. A medida de invariância foi realizada por análise fatorial confirmatória multigrupo. As diferenças de género foram exploradas estatisticamente. Os resultados validam um novo modelo estrutural de três fatores (aceitação de sacrifícios, tenacidade, capacidade de compromisso) para a versão francesa da escala. A medida de invariância mostra que a interação item / fator não é influenciada pelo género. Finalmente, a análise revela que a força motivacional é expressa de forma semelhante pelas alunas e pelos alunos.
Palavras chaves:
- análise fatorial confirmatória multigrupo,
- estudos médicos,
- género,
- motivação,
- SMMS
Appendices
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