Abstracts
Abstract
This paper presents the seven-step approach to maximizing the evidence of validity that led to the development of the Questionnaire sur la tricherie aux examens à l’université (QTEU) [Questionnaire on Cheating in University Exams (QCUE)]. Composed of 28 items divided into 7 factors (propensity to cheat in exams, peer influence, cheating methods, institutional context, perception of control, performance goal, and commitment to one’s studies), the QCUE design was based on a comprehensive conceptual analysis of the scientific literature on cheating in exams, and on the work of Frenette, Hébert, Thibodeau, and Ndinga (2018) on how to develop a questionnaire maximizing the accumulation of validity evidence. With good psychometric properties, the QCUE meets a need for a French-language questionnaire on the propensity to cheat in exams and allows to measure the scope of cheating among university students.
Keywords:
- cheating on exams,
- higher education,
- scale development,
- validity evidence
Résumé
Cet article présente la démarche en sept étapes visant à maximiser l’obtention de preuves de validité qui a mené à l’élaboration du Questionnaire sur la tricherie aux examens à l’université (QTEU). Composé de 28 énoncés répartis sous 7 facteurs (propension à tricher aux examens, influence des pairs, modalités pour tricher, contexte institutionnel, perception de contrôle, but de performance et engagement dans les études), le QTEU a été conçu en prenant appui sur une analyse conceptuelle approfondie de la littérature scientifique sur la tricherie aux examens et sur les travaux de Frenette, Hébert, Thibodeau et Ndinga (2018) sur la manière d’élaborer un questionnaire présentant diverses preuves de validité. Grâce à ses qualités psychométriques acceptables, le QTEU vient combler un besoin de questionnaire de langue française sur la propension à tricher aux examens et permet de mesurer son étendue auprès des étudiants universitaires.
Mots-clés :
- tricherie aux examens,
- enseignement supérieur,
- élaboration de questionnaires,
- preuves de validité
Resumo
Este artigo apresenta o processo em sete etapas para maximizar a obtenção de provas de validade que levou à elaboração do Questionário sobre a fraude nos exames na universidade (QTEU). Composto por 28 afirmações divididas em 7 fatores (propensão a praticar fraude nos exames, influência dos colegas, modalidades de fraude, contexto institucional, percepção do controlo, objetivo de desempenho e compromisso nos estudos), o QTEU foi concebido com base numa análise concetual aprofundada da literatura científica sobre a fraude em exames e sobre os trabalhos de Frenette, Hébert, Thibodeau e Ndinga (2018) sobre a maneira de elaborar um questionário que apresente diversas provas de validade. Graças às suas qualidades psicométricas aceitáveis, o QTEU vem colmatar a necessidade de um questionário em língua francesa sobre a propensão para praticar fraudes nos exames e permite medir sua extensão junto de estudantes universitários.
Palavras chaves:
- fraude nos exames,
- ensino superior,
- elaboração de questionários,
- provas de validade
Appendices
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