Abstracts
Résumé
Longtemps décrit comme un emploi précaire, occupé par défaut par des individus sans aucune alternative d’emploi dans le secteur formel, de récentes recherches, particulièrement en Amérique latine, ont démontré que l’emploi informel se révèle dans certains cas comme un choix d’opportunité fondé sur des incitations financières et/ou non financières. Ces révélations étant empiriquement peu documentées en Afrique, où l’emploi informel occupe une place prépondérante dans l’économie, cet article tente de combler ce manque en examinant dans le cas du Burkina Faso les facteurs déterminant l’engagement des individus dans l’entrepreneuriat informel, en s’interrogeant particulièrement sur le caractère contraint ou volontaire du choix de ce statut d’emploi. L’examen comparatif des rémunérations, couplé à l’analyse des motifs qui ont conduit à la mobilité des individus vers l’emploi informel, montre que l’entrée dans l’entrepreneuriat informel est liée à une pluralité de facteurs, relevant pour certains à de la nécessité et pour d’autres à de l’opportunité.
Mots-clés :
- Entrepreneuriat informel,
- Nécessité-opportunité,
- Gains,
- Logit multinomial structurel,
- Burkina Faso
Abstract
Historically described as precarious employment, which is a choice made by the absence of other formal employment alternative, recent research, particularly in Latin America, has revealed that informal employment is in some circumstances a choice of opportunity based on financial and/or non-financial incentives. As these findings are less documented in Africa, where informal employment predominates in the economy, this article seeks to fill this gap by exploring, in the case of Burkina Faso, the factors that determine individuals’ participation in informal entrepreneurship, by examining the nature of the choice of this employment status, whether it is forced or voluntary. Comparative analysis of earnings, and analysis of people’s motives for moving into informal employment, shows that the decision to become an informal entrepreneur is determined by a variety of factors, which may be related to necessity or opportunity.
Keywords:
- Informal entrepreneurship,
- Necessity-opportunity,
- Earnings,
- Structural multinomial logit,
- Burkina Faso
Appendices
Références
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