Abstracts
Résumé
Cet essai modélise les jeux de pouvoir et de contre-pouvoir visant le contrôle des identités sexuelles en entrepreneuriat. À ce jour, la discipline évite de traiter de modèles économiques inspirés par la libération homosexuelle. Pour en restreindre l’intérêt dans le champ de la création de la valeur, elle présente l’entrepreneuriat comme un refuge pour les salariés homosexuels discriminés. Toutefois, les études en histoire et sciences politiques montrent que, par leur militantisme, ces entrepreneurs ont ouvert un marché alternatif viable et participé à l’élaboration de l’agenda inclusif. Outre les deux imaginaires entrepreneuriaux homosexuels du refuge et du militantisme, cet essai met en évidence l’existence d’une dynamique de contre-participation, celle du queering entrepreneurial qui remet en cause les acquis des politiques identitaires et de l’agenda inclusif. Afin de garantir un renouvellement de l’esprit entrepreneurial, le queering défensif cherche à préserver l’expérience (unique) de production de soi comme entrepreneur homosexuel. Le queering offensif propose des modèles économiques dont le ressort central est, non de proposer une alternative comme les fondateurs du marché homosexuel, mais de remettre en cause le régime hétéronormatif.
Mots-clés :
- Queering entrepreneurial,
- Inclusivité,
- Politiques identitaires,
- Hétéronormativité
Abstract
This essay models power and counter-power games aimed at controlling sexual identities in entrepreneurship. To date, the discipline has avoided dealing with economic models inspired by homosexual liberation. In order to limit its interest in the field of value creation, it presents entrepreneurship as a refuge for discriminated homosexual employees. However, studies in history and political science show that, through their activism, these entrepreneurs have opened up a viable alternative market and participated in the development of the inclusive agenda. In addition to the two queer entrepreneurial imaginaries of refuge and activism, this essay highlights the existence of a counter-participatory dynamic, that of entrepreneurial queering that challenges the gains of identity politics and the inclusive agenda. In order to guarantee a renewal of the entrepreneurial spirit, defensive queering seeks to preserve the (unique) experience of producing oneself as a queer entrepreneur. Offensive queering proposes economic models whose core is not to propose an alternative like the founders of the queer market, but to challenge the heteronormative regime.
Keywords:
- Entrepreneurial queering,
- Inclusiveness,
- Identity politics,
- Heteronormativity
Resumen
Este ensayo modela los juegos de poder y contrapoder del control de las identidades de género en el empresariado. Hasta la fecha, la disciplina ha evitado ocuparse de los modelos de negocio inspirados en la liberación gay. Para limitar su interés en el ámbito de la creación de valor, presenta el espíritu empresarial como un refugio para los empleados homosexuales discriminados. Sin embargo, los estudios de historia y ciencia política demuestran que, a través de su activismo, estos empresarios han abierto un mercado alternativo viable y han participado en el desarrollo de la agenda inclusiva. Además de los dos imaginarios empresariales queer de refugio y activismo, este ensayo destaca la existencia de una dinámica contrapartida, la del queering empresarial, que desafía los logros de la política de identidad y la agenda inclusiva. Para asegurar la renovación del espíritu empresarial, el queering defensivo busca preservar la experiencia (única) de producirse a sí mismo como empresario queer. El queering ofensivo propone modelos económicos cuyo núcleo no es ofrecer una alternativa como los fundadores del mercado queer, sino desafiar el régimen heteronormativo.
Palabras clave:
- Queering empresarial,
- Inclusividad,
- Políticas de identidad,
- Heteronormatividad
Appendices
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