Abstracts
Résumé
Alors que l’intégration des nouvelles recrues constitue un enjeu particulièrement important pour les petites entreprises, les pratiques de socialisation qu’elles mettent en oeuvre restent mal connues. Cette recherche étudie la diversité des modes de socialisation des petites entreprises françaises en mobilisant le cadre de la théorie des configurations organisationnelles, et plus précisément celle des configurations des petites entreprises (Bentabet, Michun et Trouvé, 1999). Une étude de cas multiple identifie des pratiques de socialisation singulières à chacune de ces configurations. Ces pratiques apparaissent cohérentes entre elles et avec le système des variables caractéristique de la configuration donnée. Ainsi, les modes de socialisation des petites entreprises à configuration « entrepreneuriale » reflètent la volonté de profiter de la présence d’un nouvel entrant pour innover. Celles des petites entreprises à configuration « indépendante traditionnelle » sont orientées par une idéologie de la tradition et prennent la forme d’inculcations normatives. Les pratiques de socialisation des petites entreprises « managériales » renvoient quant à elles à un haut niveau de formalisation, d’organisation, d’outillage gestionnaire et de rationalisation de l’intégration des nouvelles recrues.
Mots-clés :
- Socialisation,
- Petite entreprise,
- Configuration organisationnelle,
- Étude de cas
Abstract
While the integration of newcomers is a key issue for small businesses, socialization practices they implement remain poorly understood. This research examines the diversity of organizational socialization practices of small French companies in mobilizing the framework of organizational configurations theory, and more precisely the SMEs’ configurations theory (Bentabet, Michun et Trouvé, 1999). A multiple case study identifies socialization practices unique in each of these configurations. These practices appear consistent with each other and with the system of variables characteristic of a given SME’s configuration. Thus, the socialization practices of « entrepreneurial » SMEs reflect a desire to enjoy the presence of a newcomer to innovate. Those of « independent traditional » SMEs are guided by an ideology of tradition and take the form of normative inculcations. Socialization practices of « managerial » SMEs refer a high level of formalization, of organization and rationalization of the integration of new recruits.
Keywords:
- Socialization,
- Small firms,
- Organizational configuration,
- Multiple case study
Resumen
Mientras que la integracion de nuevos miembros constituye un desafio particularmente importante para las pequenas empresas, las practicas de socializacion que éstas aplican, quedan mal conocidas. Esta investigacion estudia la diversidad de los modos de socializacion de las pequenas empresas francesas, movilizando el marco teorico de las configuraciones organizacionales, y de manera mas precisa el marco propio a las pequenas empresas (Bentabet, Michun et Trouvé, 1999). Un estudio de caso multiple identifica las practicas de socializacion corresponidentes a cada una de estas configuraciones. Estas practicas aparecen en coerencia con si mismas y con el sistema de variables caracteristico de cada configuracion. Asi, los modos de socializacion de las pequenas empresas cuya configuracion es de tipo « empresarial » reflejan la voluntad de aprovechar de la presencia de un nuevo miembro ingresado para innovar. Los modos propios a las pequenas empresas cuya configuracion es de tipo « independiente-tradicional » estan orientadas por una ideologia de la tradicion y toman la forma de inculcaciones normativas. En cuanto a las practicas de socializacion de las pequenas empresas « manageriales », ellas remiten a une alto nivel de formalizacion, organizacion, instrumentacion gestionaria y racionalizacion en la integracion de nuevos miembros.
Palabras clave:
- Socializacion,
- Pequenas empresas,
- Configuraciones organizacionales,
- Estudio de caso multiple
Appendices
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