Abstracts
Abstract
In the community of Kangiqsualujjuaq, as elsewhere in Nunavik, the socioeconomic conditions in which Inuit families live are much more difficult than those in the rest of Canada. These conditions are a symptom of a colonial past that has resulted in many historical and complex traumas. In a traumatic context, mentalization capacity, which refers to the ability to interpret one’s own behaviours and those of others in terms of underlying mental states, can have a protective effect on the individual. The present exploratory action research aimed to document the perceptions of members of this Inuit community regarding the particularities of the parent-child relationship. Two focus groups were conducted with community members, counsellors, and elders. A thematic analysis was done from the collected verbatims and guided by a phenomenological perspective. Factors extracted from the results were associated with well-being and suffering in the parent-child relationship and placed on a continuum. Openness and transmission were associated with well-being, while closure and a breakdown in communication were linked to suffering. Finally, this study highlights the relevance of focusing on mentalization among Inuit.
Keywords:
- Inuit,
- parent-child relationship,
- historical and complex trauma,
- mentalization,
- phenomenology
Résumé
Dans la communauté de Kangiqsualujjuaq, comme ailleurs au Nunavik, les conditions socioéconomiques dans lesquelles vivent les familles inuit sont beaucoup plus difficiles que celles du reste du Canada. Ces conditions sont le symptôme d’un passé colonial ayant engendré de nombreux traumas historiques et complexes. Dans un contexte traumatique, la capacité de mentalisation – c’est-à-dire la capacité à interpréter ses propres comportements et ceux des autres en fonction d’états mentaux sous-jacents – peut avoir un effet protecteur pour l’individu. La présente recherche-action exploratoire visait à documenter les perceptions des membres de cette communauté inuit concernant les particularités de la relation parent-enfant. Deux groupes de discussion ont été menés avec des membres de la communauté, des intervenants et des aînés. Une analyse thématique a été réalisée à partir des verbatims recueillis et a été guidée par une approche phénoménologique. Les résultats mettent de l’avant des facteurs associés au bien-être et à la souffrance dans la relation parent-enfant, s’inscrivant sur un continuum. L’ouverture et la transmission étaient associées au bien-être, tandis que la fermeture et la rupture de la communication étaient liées à la souffrance. Enfin, cette étude souligne la pertinence de l’utilisation du concept de mentalisation auprès des communautés inuit.
Mots-clés :
- Inuit,
- relation parent-enfant,
- traumatisme historique et complexe,
- mentalisation,
- phénoménologie
Appendices
References
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