Abstracts
Résumé
Plus de vingt ans après la chute historique du mur de Berlin, plusieurs villes demeurent divisées par des murs et des barrières qui imposent une division spatiale et, bien souvent, politique du territoire. Cette contribution entend revenir sur la question de la partition de la ville de Mitrovica au Kosovo depuis l’intervention de l’otan en 1999, partition emblématique d’une partition plus large du territoire en deux entités distinctes. Le projet de mur proposé par l’otan à Mitrovica en 2001 reprend tout le paradoxe de la présence internationale sur le territoire : la politique internationale dite de la promotion d’une multiethnicité kosovare s’est révélée être en fait une politique de ghettoïsation progressive des diverses communautés, renforçant le repli identitaire qu’elle était censée combattre.
Mots-clés:
- mur,
- construction de l’État,
- communautarisme,
- Kosovo,
- ghettoïsation,
- otan
Abstract
More than twenty years after the fall of the Berlin wall, a number of cities live with walls or fences which impose spatial and political divisions. This paper intends to focus on the partition of the city of Mitrovica (Kosovo), which dates back to the nato intervention in 1999. The partition of this city is emblematic of the division of Kosovo in two distinct communities. The project of building a wall within Mitrovica, proposed by the nato in 2001 encompasses the paradox of the entire intervention in Kosovo: the international goal of promoting a multiethnic Kosovo came to be seen as a policy of ghettoization of the various communities, contributing to the identity crisis that nato originally wanted to subdue.
Keywords:
- wall,
- statebuilding,
- Kosovo,
- communitarianism,
- ghettoization,
- nato
Resumen
Más de 20 años después de la histórica caída del muro de Berlín, existen todavía ciudades fraccionadas por muros y barreras que imponen una división espacial y política del territorio. Este artículo estudia la partición de la ciudad de Mitrovica (Kosovo) a partir de la intervención de la otan en 1999 y que simboliza la división de Kosovo en dos entidades distintas. En este sentido, el proyecto de muro propuesto por la otan en 2001 ilustra la paradoja de la presencia internacional en Kosovo, ya que la política internacional de promoción de una multietnicidad kosovar se transformó en la práctica en una política de guetoización progresiva de las diferentes comunidades y ayudó a reforzar la crisis identitaria que buscaba combatir.
Palabras clave:
- muro,
- construcción del Estado,
- comunitarismo,
- Kosovo,
- guetoización,
- OTAN
Appendices
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