Abstracts
Résumé
Récemment, la recherche sur le développement cognitif fait part d’une grande source d’information concernant la responsabilité morale attribuable aux délinquants juvéniles. Cependant, l’intégration de ces connaissances dans le milieu légal demeure largement théorique. En utilisant un sondage en ligne, nous avons évalué les opinions, les croyances et les attitudes d’experts légaux et cliniques à propos de l’impact des facteurs développementaux sur la responsabilité morale des jeunes. Nos résultats suggèrent que la communauté légale est modérément consciente de la recherche émergente en science développementale portant sur la responsabilité morale des jeunes. Or le fossé entre la théorie et la pratique persiste. En ce qui a trait à la responsabilité morale des adolescents et leur capacité à subir un procès, par exemple, les policiers attribuent significativement moins d’importance aux facteurs développementaux que ne le font les experts cliniques. Nous soulignons le besoin d’un dialogue plus rapproché entre le droit et la science développementale pour favoriser la création d’un consensus et pour améliorer le traitement des jeunes délinquants.
Mots-clés :
- Développement cérébral,
- adolescence,
- aptitude à subir un procès,
- système de justice pénale pour les adolescents
Abstract
Evidence from developmental science sheds new light on legal aspects pertaining to the blameworthiness of youth ; however, incorporating these findings into the youth criminal justice system has been largely unsuccessful. Using an online survey, we probed the opinions, beliefs, and attitudes of legal and clinical specialists concerning the extent to which developmental parameters affect youth culpability and their ability to stand trial. Our findings suggest that while the majority of legal and clinical experts acknowledge the impact of developmental factors on the legal responsibility of youth, others (e.g., law enforcement) often underestimate such data. Here we outline how a closer dialogue between law professionals and developmental scientists will better facilitate a sorely overdue legal practice that fashions itself more closely after evidence-based science.
Keywords:
- Brain development,
- adolescence,
- blameworthiness,
- adjudicative competence,
- youth criminal justice system
Resumen
Recientemente, las investigaciones sobre el desarrollo cognitivo son parte de una gran fuente de información referente a la responsabilidad moral atribuible a los delincuentes juveniles. Sin embargo, la integración de dichos conocimientos en el sistema de justicia de menores se encuentra muy limitada. Utilizando el sistema informático gratuito en línea, LimeSurvey, hemos evaluado las opiniones, las creencias y las actitudes de los expertos legales (Ej. los oficiales de policía, los abogados, los jueces) y clínicos (Ej. los psicólogos, los psiquiatras, los trabajadores sociales) en lo referente a el impacto de los factores de desarrollo sobre el nivel de responsabilidad de los jóvenes y de su aptitud a someterse a un proceso judicial. Nuestros resultados sugieren que, mientras la mayoría de los expertos legales y clínicos reconocen el rol de la ciencia del desarrollo en la justicia penal, algunos expertos (Ej. los oficiales de policía) subestiman su importancia. Nosotros sostenemos que un diálogo mas cercano entre la ciencia del desarrollo y el sistema de justicia es necesario para conciliar las prácticas legales con los descubrimientos científicos actuales.
Palabras clave:
- Desarrollo cerebral,
- adolescencia,
- culpabilidad,
- aptitud para ser juzgado,
- sistema de justicia penal de menores
Appendices
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