Abstracts
Résumé
À travers l’analyse du discours de 15 victimes de crimes interrogées au sujet de leur processus de reprise de contrôle à la suite du délit dont elles ont été l’objet, on remarque que les victimes semblent se distancier des procédures judiciaires en cours. Elles prennent conscience qu’elles doivent prendre en charge leur propre rétablissement, puisque le système judiciaire ne pourra leur venir en aide à cet égard. Les victimes se sentent ignorées par les autorités judiciaires, et la majorité attribuent le traitement reçu à leur « statut » de victime plutôt qu’à leurs caractéristiques personnelles, ce qui les pousse à refuser ce statut, à entreprendre des actions valorisantes dans diverses sphères de leur vie, et à mobiliser des ressources extérieures au système judiciaire afin de prendre en charge leur rétablissement. L’exclusion et l’absence d’information sur les procédures en cours et sur les recours disponibles engendrent un sentiment d’impuissance chez les victimes. Garantir des droits d’information et de consultation lors des procédures pénales serait ainsi susceptible d’améliorer l’expérience des victimes d’actes criminels.
Mots-clés :
- Victimes,
- empowerment,
- justice pénale,
- résilience
Abstract
The analysis of the discourse of 15 victims of crimes regarding their experience with the criminal justice system revealed that victims attempt to distance themselves from the criminal proceedings, realizing that they need to take charge of their own recovery since the criminal justice system can’t help them in this regard. Most victims’ in the sample were able to make external attributions regarding the treatment they received (i.e. they understand that the treatment received is due to their “victim” status and not their personal characteristics). Therefore, many refuse their “victim” status and turn towards rewarding activities in various areas of their life and start taking charge of their own recovery. The criminal justice system appears to trigger victims’ impression of powerlessness, which drives victims to detach themselves from it. The exclusion of victims, the absence of information about the current proceedings and the recourses available, and the paternalistic approach of the criminal justice system towards victims all contribute to this sense of powerlessness. Therefore, enforcing victims’ rights could lead to a better treatment of victims who would be more satisfied of their experience with the criminal justice system.
Keywords:
- Victims of crime,
- criminal justice system,
- empowerment,
- resiliency
Resumen
El análisis del discurso de 15 víctimas sobre su proceso de recuperación, luego del delito del que fueron objeto, destaca que las víctimas tratan de distanciarse de los procedimientos judiciales en curso y toman conciencia de que deben hacerse cargo de su propio restablecimiento, ya que el sistema judicial no podrá ayudarlas al respecto. Las víctimas se sienten ignoradas por las autoridades judiciales y la mayoría atribuye el tratamiento recibido a su “condición” de victima, más que a sus características personales, lo que las lleva a rechazar dicha condición y a llevar a cabo actividades valorizantes en diversas esferas de su vida y a movilizar recursos fuera del sistema judicial a fin de hacerse cargo de su restablecimiento. La exclusión y la falta de información sobre los procedimientos en curso y sobre los recursos disponibles engendra un sentimiento de impotencia entre las víctimas. En ese sentido, garantizar los derechos de información y consulta durante los procedimientos penales podría mejorar la experiencia de las víctimas de actos criminales.
Palabras clave:
- Víctimas,
- empoderamiento,
- justicia penal,
- resiliencia
Appendices
Bibliographie
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