Abstracts
Résumé
Au cours des dernières décennies, la criminologie clinique a connu un essor qui annonce des changements importants pour la recherche et l’intervention à venir. Les études longitudinales sur les facteurs de risque, sur l’apparition des comportements antisociaux et sur leur trajectoire à travers la vie des individus ont d’abord produit un ensemble de connaissances qui ont permis une meilleure compréhension du phénomène de la délinquance dans une perspective développementale. Puis, l’évolution fulgurante de la recherche en sciences biomédicales et son impact sur la compréhension de l’étiologie et sur le traitement des problèmes de santé mentale, lesquels recoupent de façon importante les comportements antisociaux, ont entraîné l’émergence du paradigme bio-psycho-social comme base d’étude et d’intervention en criminologie clinique. Les résultats des études en neurosciences et en génétique du comportement sont particulièrement éloquents quant à l’utilité de ce paradigme pour aborder dans sa totalité le phénomène délinquant. Si l’avènement de l’approche bio-psycho-sociale dans un cadre développemental et son impact sur la compréhension du comportement antisocial sont récents, les possibilités sans précédent qui s’offrent maintenant aux chercheurs et aux intervenants en criminologie clinique rendent la poursuite active de cette nouvelle stratégie incontournable.
Abstract
In the last decades, clinical criminology has undergone a significant evolution which announces important changes to come for research and intervention in the field. Longitudinal studies on risk factors, age at onset and trajectories of antisocial behaviour throughout development have resulted in an important body of knowledge allowing for a better understanding of delinquent behaviour in a developmental perspective. Furthermore, the striking evolution of research in biomedical sciences and its impact on our understanding of the etiology and on the treatment of mental health problems, notoriously associated with criminal behaviour, have seen the bio-psycho-social paradigm emerging as the basis of research and intervention for clinical criminologists. Results of studies in neurosciences and behaviour genetics especially underscore the importance of this paradigm to fully understand delinquency. If the emergence of the bio-psycho-social paradigm in a developmental perspective and its impact on our understanding of antisocial behaviour are relatively recent, the tremendous possibilities it opens now to researchers and clinicians make this new strategy essential in the field of clinical criminology.
Appendices
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