Abstracts
Résumé
Reclus demeure en Louisiane approximativement deux ans et est fasciné par le Mississippi. En 1854, celui-ci est en cours d’aménagement alors que les rives des fleuves européens sont déjà largement occupées. Le matériel laissé par l’auteur est abondant et procède de la synthèse de lectures nombreuses et diversifiées. Reclus a su intégrer les acquis issus des comptes rendus d’explorations, des travaux des naturalistes et des ingénieurs, et des réflexions de quelques courants, comme le transcendantalisme, la conservation et la préservation. À ses yeux, une fois qu’ils en ont compris le fonctionnement, les hommes peuvent compléter l’oeuvre de régulation des cours d’eau en imitant les travaux de la nature. Il s’agit de se protéger du fleuve, mais aussi de l’exploiter au mieux. L’eau occupe une place particulière au sein de l’oeuvre de Reclus et, s’il a recours à la quantification, il délivre des images poétiques pour susciter émotion et analyse.
Mots-clés:
- Élisée Reclus,
- Mississippi,
- fleuve,
- eau,
- histoire,
- aménagement,
- imaginaire
Abstract
Reclus resided in Louisiana for approximately two years and was fascinated by the Mississippi River. In 1854, the Mississippi was undergoing development whereas the banks of European watercourses were already densely populated. Reclus read widely and in abundance, and he left behind an impressive body of work, derived from explorers’ diaries, work done by naturalists and engineers in addition to his own thoughts on questions, such as transcendentalism, conservation and preservation. In his eyes, once man had understood how nature regulates the flow of water, he could use his observations to build his own watercourses, whose aim was to ply the river safely and enable him to exploit it the best way possible. Water is a crucial factor in Reclus’ writings, and though quantification plays an important role in his work, he does use poetic imagery to arouse emotion and awaken the analytical spirit.
Keywords:
- Élisée Reclus,
- Mississippi,
- river,
- water,
- history,
- development
Appendices
Bibliographie
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