Abstracts
Abstract
The northeastern and eastern parts of the ca. 425–416 Ma Mount Peyton Intrusive Suite in north-central Newfoundland, Canada, host several Au-Ag-Sb-bearing mineralized zones associated with fracture systems and narrow quartz veins mantled by wide, potassic (sericite-muscovite) alteration envelopes bearing arsenopyrite and locally pyrite and stibnite. The Yellow Fox zone is hosted in a medium-grained and plagioclase-porphyritic, granophyric-textured biotite ± hornblende I-type transitional to A2-type monzogranite in the northeastern part of the intrusive suite that is cut by rectilinearly fractured, muscovite-arsenopyrite-pyrite-rutile-alteration zones. This alteration occurs in an ~100 m long by 30 m wide, north-trending bleached and rusty alteration zone characterized by three distinct fracture sets: (1) a widely spaced, roughly east-west barren set; (2) a prominent north-trending 5–20 cm spaced set accompanied by abundant muscovite and disseminated arsenopyrite + pyrite; and (3) a weakly-developed, north-northeast-trending set that locally hosts a few narrow (<4 cm) stibnite-quartz-arsenopyrite veins with arsenopyrite mainly confined to the quartz vein margins and intensely altered to supergene scorodite and goethite. Relative to unaltered granite, both muscovite-pyrite-arsenopyrite-rutile-altered monzogranite and stibnite-quartz-arsenopyrite-veined monzogranite are anomalous in many metals (Sb <11.1 wt.%; As < 4.5 wt.%; Au <59.4 g/t; Ag < 73g/t; Pb <5.5 wt.%; Zn <7 wt.%; Cd <717 ppm). The altered host rock yielded a crystallization age of 422.3 ± 1.3 Ma (CA-ID-TIMS U–Pb zircon), overlapping in error with two 40Ar/39Ar incremental-heating ages of 422.4 ± 0.2 Ma and 422.9 ± 0.6 Ma for muscovite from the same altered monzogranite. The coincident ages indicate that monzogranite crystallization and alteration were synchronous and therefore intrusion-related and formed broadly contemporaneously with proximal, mineralogically similar, intrusion-hosted mineralization in the region. Undated Au-Ag-As-Sb mineralization in the adjacent surrounding country rocks may also have been coeval. Fracturing, release of hydrothermal + magmatic fluids from deeper seated intrusions, and mineralization occurred during the final stages of monzogranite crystallization, which is interpreted to be associated with transient lithospheric extension that preceded north- to northwest-directed oblique Acadian thrusting, folding, and proximal orogenic Au mineralization in the Early Devonian (ca. <415 Ma).
Keywords:
- Newfoundland,
- U-Pb geochronology,
- 40Ar/39Ar age,
- precious metals,
- lithogeochemistry,
- mineral chemistry
Résumé
Les parties nord-est et est du cortège intrusif d’environ 425-416 Ma du mont Peyton dans le centre-nord de Terre-Neuve, au Canada, abritent plusieurs zones minéralisées d’or, d’argent et d’antimoine (Au-Ag-Sb) associées à des réseaux de fractures et à des filons étroits de quartz bordés par de larges enveloppes d’altération potassique (séricite-muscovite) contenant de l’arsénopyrite ainsi que, par endroits, de la pyrite et de la stibine. La zone de Yellow Fox est logée dans un monzogranite de type I à texture granophyrique, à grain moyen et à phénocristaux de plagioclase, contenant de la biotite ± hornblende et effectuant une transition au type A2. Le monzogranite se trouve dans la partie nord-est du cortège intrusif qui est recoupé par des zones d’altération à fractures rectilignes de muscovite, d’arsénopyrite, de pyrite et de rutile. L’altération se manifeste dans une zone décolorée et rouillée orientée vers le nord, d’environ 100 m de longueur sur 30 m de largeur, caractérisée par trois ensembles de fractures distincts : 1) Un ensemble stérile à peu près d’est en ouest, largement espacé; 2) un ensemble prédominant, orienté vers le nord, espacé de 5 à 20 cm et accompagné d’une abondance de muscovite et d’arsénopyrite + pyrite disséminées; 3) un ensemble faiblement développé, orienté vers le nord-nord-est, qui abrite localement quelques filons étroits (<4 cm) de stibine-quartz-arsénopyrite, l’arsénopyrite étant principalement confinée aux bords des filons de quartz et intensément altérée en scorodite et goethite supergènes. Comparativement au granite non altéré, le monzogranite altéré à muscovite-pyrite-arsénopyrite-rutile et celui renfermant des filons de stibine-quartz-arsénopyrite présentent des teneurs anomales de nombreux métaux (Sb <11,1 %; As <4,5 %; Au <59,4 g/t; Ag <73 g/t; Pb <5,5 %; Zn <7 %; Cd <717 ppm). La roche hôte altérée, a accusé un âge de cristallisation de 422,3 ± 1,3 Ma (U–Pb sur zircon par CA-ID-TIMS), qui chevauche dans la marge d’erreur deux âges de combustion incrémentaux 40Ar/39Ar de 422,4 ± 0,2 Ma et 422,9 ± 0,6 Ma obtenus sur muscovite issue du même monzogranite altéré. Ces âges concordants indiquent que la cristallisation du monzogranite et son altération ont été synchrones, qu’elles étaient donc intrusives et qu’elles se sont produites globalement en même temps que la minéralisation encaissée dans une intrusion voisine similaire sur le plan minéralogique. La minéralisation d’Au-Ag-As-Sb non datée dans les roches encaissantes adjacentes pourrait elle aussi être contemporaine. La libération par fracturation de fluides hydrothermaux et magmatiques provenant d’intrusions plus profondes et la minéralisation s’est produite durant les derniers stades de cristallisation du monzogranite, interprétés comme des phases associées à une extension lithosphérique transitoire ayant précédé le chevauchement acadien oblique en direction nord-ouest, le plissement et la minéralisation aurifère orogénique proximale au Dévonien précoce (env. <415 Ma).
Mots-clés :
- precious metals
Appendices
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