Abstracts
Abstract
The inclination of the path of the Sun in the sky with respect to the celestial equator, that is, the obliquity of the ecliptic, has been a major concern for astronomers since Antiquity. Many of them adopted values for it that departed from those of their predecessors and hardly any were the result of observation. Solar declination depends strictly on the obliquity, and many tables for determining solar positions were compiled during the Middle Ages. In this paper, we examine several of them, particularly those by Abraham ibn Ezra, Giovanni Bianchini, and Regiomontanus, the last two associated with tables for the conversion of ecliptic to equatorial coordinates.
Keywords:
- Obliquity of the ecliptic,
- Declination,
- Conversion of coordinates,
- Abraham ibn Ezra,
- Giovanni Bianchini,
- Regiomontanus
Résumé
L’inclinaison de la trajectoire du Soleil dans le ciel par rapport à l’équateur céleste, soit l’obliquité de l’écliptique, a été une préoccupation majeure des astronomes depuis l’Antiquité. Plusieurs d’entre eux ont adopté des valeurs qui s’écartaient de celles de leurs prédécesseurs et presque aucune ne résultait d’observations. La déclinaison du soleil dépend strictement de l’obliquité et de nombreuses tables permettant de déterminer les positions solaires ont été compilés au cours du Moyen Âge. Dans cet article, nous examinons plusieurs d’entre elles, en particulier celles d’Abraham ibn Ezra, de Giovanni Bianchini et de Regiomontanus, ces deux derniers étant associés à des tables de conversion des coordonnées écliptiques en coordonnées équatoriales.
Mots-clés :
- Déclinaison,
- Regiomontanus,
- Obliquité de l'écliptique,
- Abraham ibn Ezra,
- Giovanni Bianchini,
- Conversion des coordonnées
Appendices
Bibliography
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