Résumés
Résumé
Le comportent de déprédation (prédateurs sauvages se nourrissant de poissons capturés par l’homme) est global dans le domaine de la pêche. Les solutions à ce type de conflit passent nécessairement par la mise en place d’un programme d’observation afin de comprendre et quantifier ce phénomène. Cette étude propose l’exemple de la pêcherie à la légine (Dissostichus eleginoides) autour des archipels de Kerguelen et Crozet dans le sud de l’océan Indien. La collaboration des différents acteurs tels que l'administration gestionnaire (TAF ou Terres australes françaises), les scientifiques (MNHN, CNRS, IRD) et les pêcheurs a été la clé de la mise en place rapide de la collecte de données dès la fin des années 1990. Les observateurs de pêche employés par les TAF couvrent 100% de l’effort de pêche en embarquant sur les huit navires autorisés. Les expériences acquises ont pu être présentées et profiter à d’autres programmes d’observation.
Mots-clés :
- pêche,
- orques,
- cachalot,
- conflit,
- déprédation,
- programme d’observation
Abstract
Depredation (wild predators feeding on fish caught by man) is a global concern in the fishing industry. Solutions to this type of conflict necessarily involve setting up an observation program to understand and quantify the phenomenon. This study takes the example of the toothfish ( Dissostichus eleginoides ) fishery around the Kerguelen and Crozet archipelagos in the southern Indian Ocean. Collaboration between the various stakeholders involved like the management authority (TAF or Terres australes françaises), the scientists (MNHN, CNRS, IRD) and the fishermen was the key to the rapid implementation of data collection from the late 90s onwards. The fishery observers employed by TAF cover 100% of the fishing effort on board the eight authorized vessels. The experience gained has been presented and benefited to other observer programs.
Keywords:
- fisheries,
- killer whale,
- spermwhale,
- conflict,
- depredation,
- observer program
Parties annexes
Bibliographie
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